Lecture1SignalsSystemsConcepts课件.pptVIP

Lecture 1: Signals Systems Concepts (1) Systems, signals, mathematical models. Continuous-time and discrete-time signals and systems. Energy and power signals. Linear systems. Examples for use throughout the course, introduction to Matlab and Simulink tools Specific Objectives: Introduce, using examples, what is a signal and what is a system Why mathematical models are appropriate What are continuous-time and discrete-time representations and how are they related Brief introduction to Matlab and Simulink Recommended Reading Material Signals and Systems, Oppenheim Willsky, Section 1 Signals and Systems, Haykin Van Veen, Section 1 MIT Lecture 1 Mastering Matlab 6 Mastering Simulink 4 Many other introductory sources available. Some background reading at the start of the course will pay dividends when things get more difficult. What is a Signal? A signal is a pattern of variation of some form Signals are variables that carry information Examples of signal include: Electrical signals Voltages and currents in a circuit Acoustic signals Acoustic pressure (sound) over time Mechanical signals Velocity of a car over time Video signals Intensity level of a pixel (camera, video) over time How is a Signal Represented? Mathematically, signals are represented as a function of one or more independent variables. For instance a black white video signal intensity is dependent on x, y coordinates and time t f(x,y,t) On this course, we shall be exclusively concerned with signals that are a function of a single variable: time Example: Signals in an Electrical Circuit The signals vc and vs are patterns of variation over time Note, we could also have considered the voltage across the resistor or the current as signals Continuous Discrete-Time Signals Continuous-Time Signals Most signals in the real world are continuous time, as the scale is infinitesimally fine. Eg voltage, velocity, Denote by x(t), where the time interval may be bounded (finite) or infinite Discrete