基于单片机的步进电机控制系统设计稿大学本科毕业专业论文67055540.docVIP

武汉大学本科毕业论文 基于单片机的步进电机控制系统设计 摘 要 步进电机是一种通过电脉冲信号控制相绕组电流实现定角转动的机电元件，与其他类型电机相比具有易于开环精确控制、无积累误差等优点，在众多领域中获得了广泛的应用。为了得到性能优良的控制结果，出现了很多步进电机控制系统，其中采用单片机作为控制核心的控制系统得到了广泛的应用。很多这种控制系统在步进电机的驱动上已经做的非常好，比如恒流斩波驱动技术，但是有的系统比较复杂，和一些相对比较简单的控制过程不相吻合，投入上也不经济;有的系统在操作上不是很方便，交互性不强。而且，有感于目前的职业教育的专业教材各种技术太过经渭分明，由此带来的实习也是比较零散，没有把一些在工程实践中应该结合在一起的技术有机结合起来，因此本文的研究内容就是设计一套硬件系统较简单、经济，但适应性强，操作方便，可靠性高的，能够有机地把电子技术、单片机技术、电机的控制技术结合起来步进电机控制系统。本文首先简要描述了步进电机的发展、应用情况，而且还分析了步进电机的工作原理，然后以单片机为主控制器提出了整个系统的硬件设计方案，在此基础上对各个模块的电路进行详细的设计，接着阐述了步进电机软件控制开发的流程和程序设计。 关键词:步进电机 AT89C51单片机 恒流斩波 Abstract Steeping motor is a kind of component using electric pulse signal to control winding elements to realize angular displacement. Comparing with other electric motor, it is easier to realize accurate control, no accumulated error and so on so forth. Thus, it is got extensive application. In order to gain excellent manipulative result, there appears a lot of stepping motor control system. Among them, the system using MUC as the core part of the control system is used widely. Many this kind of control systems have done absolutely good at the step motor drive, such as the technique of constant current chopper. But some systems are a little bit complicated, which does not match with some comparatively simple control, causing some waste on investment. Some system is not easy to operate, weak in alternation. Furthermore, techniques in today’s vocational teaching materials are entirely different, leading to some kinds of chaos in the exercitation, not combining some techniques which should be. Consequently, this focuses on how to design a simple step motor control system, which has strong adaptability, easy to operate, high dependability, mixing electronic technique, MUC technique and motor control technique. This thesis will firstly introduce the development and application situation of stepping motor and some common control systems and drive techniques. What’s more, it will illustrate the working principle o