12.3ReproductioninFloweringPlants课件.pptVIP

12.3 Reproduction in Flowering Plants Vegetative structures: stems, roots and leaves Reproductive structures: flowers Vegetative Propagation: reproduction of vegetative structures Sexual reproduction: introduce variation through meiosis by 1. Independent assortment chromosomes during metaphase 2. Recombination of genes by crossing over between homologous chromosomes at prophase I 12.3.1 Floral Structure Both self-fertilization and cross-fertilization introduce variation. External agents, e.g. insects , help in transfer of genetic material when they assi