OCEN201IntroductiontoOceanCoastalEngineering课件.pptVIP

OCEN 201Introduction to Ocean Coastal Engineering Materials Corrosion Jun Zhang Jun-zhang@tamu.edu Materials Used in Offshore Coastal Water ????? Must withstand very harsh marine environment. ??? Structures: under the severe impact of wind, waves currents, ice. (hurricane, typhoon, storms, earthquake (tsunami) etc) ? Ocean water is highly corrosive (electrolyte) Bio-fouling Should be non-toxic to marine organism (paint). High pressure in deep water? Metals: -Steels special steels (Stainless steels), - -Aluminum, -Titanium, -Non-ferrous Alloys (Copper-nickel) Nonmetallic Materials? -Thermoplastics -Composites* -Cement Concrete* (cheap and usually anti-corrosion) -Wood Marine Corrosion: is the deterioration of metals in the marine environment due to electro-chemical reaction. (see pp161 (old E. 129-130) regarding electrochemical reactions) Ships, marinas, pipelines, offshore structures, desalination plants, ocean energy conversion device heat exchangers are some examples of systems that experience marine corrosion. Exposure of components to sea water can be continuous or intermittent. Maintenance costs for ships, offshore structures and related equipment are dependent on how marine corrosion issues and failures are managed. Typical Types of Marine Corrosions Uniform Corrosion: Corrosion over entire surface area Galvanic Corrosion: occurs when two dissimilar metals are connected directly or by a metallic path and are immersed in seawater that acts as an electrolyte. Noble metals erode slower and the other (Active) metals erode much faster. Table (5-15) at p162 (old E. p131) Galvanic Corrosion can be used to protect the metals by bolting Zinc or Aluminum (anode) to it (cathode). Stainless screw cadmium steel washer Intergranular Corrosion. The microstructure of metals and alloys is made up of grains, separated by grain boundaries. Intergranular corrosion is localized attack along the g