第一章引论1ss绪论.ppt

* 4004：第一块CPU 8086：支撑了INTEL、IBM和Microsoft 286：康柏 * * * * Now, Intel CPU comes into the new age. The new architecture Core 2 is used. * For example, the dual-core CPU has two cores, and the Quad has four cores in it. It is said that the CPU has 16 cores was invented by SUN corporation this year. * * * * * * * * 第一台电子计算机ENIAC: 重达30吨，启动电力150千瓦，18000个电子管，保存80个字节，占地170平方米 * * * * * * * * * * * 例1:17F(16进制) 例2:30(8进制) 例3:476(8进制) * * 作业 * * * * * * In this course, we will learn four key subjects. Firstly, we will introduce the foundation of microcomputer, including the history of microcomputer and CPU, it’s structure and how does it work. Secondly, we will learn the detail knowledge about the most important parts of computer. They are CPU, Storage system, BUS and I/O devices * 3.Then we will learn a language, not English or French. It is a language of computer, assembly language. It is not a high-level language, just like C++ or Java. It is a kind of lower-level language. It faces the hardware and machine. I think it is harder to learn than most of the other languages. You should pay more efforts on it and take more practice. 4.Finally, we will talk about Interface techniques, we will learn 5 I/O circuits, including Timer, Series Port, Parallel Port, DMA (Direct Memory Access), D/A A/D Transformer. * * * * * 问题：常见的硬件有哪些？请同学们举例说明。可以通过写字板罗列出来。 * * * * * * * * * 网络无处不在，计算机有，手机有，甚至冰箱都有 * 网络无处不在，计算机有，手机有，甚至冰箱都有 * * * 自己是否攒过或是装卸过计算机？ * * * Let’s learn how does the principle work. We must write a program first. We can use C++, java or assembly language. This is the assembly program. But this program can not be recognized by computer. It must be translated into binary code like this. The process of translating is called compile and link. Then we can get the executable file. The source file and the binary code file must be stored on Hard disk. When the program is executed, it must be loaded into main memory. Then the CPU can fetch program from memory by BIU. The result