外贸必知-美国餐桌礼仪.docVIP

美国人的餐桌礼仪 American Table Manners (中英对照)餐桌礼仪是进餐时的礼节，也包括怎样有礼貌地使用餐具。不同的文化有不同的餐桌礼仪。事实上很多礼节是从实际需要而演变来的，比如把手肘放在餐桌上是属于不礼貌的行为，因为把手肘放在桌面上的时候就有把碗、杯打翻的可能。然而每一个家庭或者一些群体有他们自己的餐桌礼仪标准，也有他们自己对于这些礼仪如何严格执行程度的规定。（Table manners are the rules of etiquette used while eating, which may also include the appropriate use of utensils. Different cultures observe different rules for table manners. Many table manners evolved out of practicality. For example, it is generally impolite to put elbows on tables, since doing so creates a risk of tipping over bowls and cups. Each family or group sets its own standards for how strictly these rules are to be enforced.）美国的餐桌礼仪饭前（Before dining）? 餐桌上都不应该戴帽子；在白天拜访别人的时候女士专用的帽子例外。（Mens and unisex hats should never be worn at the table. Ladies hats may be worn during the day if visiting others.）? 在正式的宴会中，男士们须站在自己的座位后面，等女士们都坐下了以后，才能坐下。（Before sitting down to a formal meal, gentlemen stand behind their chairs until the women are seated.）? 在开始吃饭前，主人要做饭前的谢饭祷告，这在美国的家庭里是很普遍的，客人应该加入这个谢饭的祷告，至少要在祷告的时候保持安静以示尊敬。如果被邀请的客人有不同的信仰，主人的谢饭祷告不应该包括深奥的宗教仪式。（A prayer or blessing may be customary in some households, and the guests may join in or be respectfully silent. Most prayers are made by the host before the meal is eaten. Hosts should not practice an extended religious ritual in front of invited guests who have different beliefs.）? 一般要等到每一个人都拿到了食物以后，大家一起开始吃。在别人还没有拿到食物以前，不应该擅自开始先吃；除非那些还没有拿到食物的人士请你不要等候，你才可以先吃。（One does not start eating until every person is served or those who have not been served request that you begin without waiting.）? 餐巾是放在膝盖上的。在正式的宴会中，客人要等主人把他（她）的餐巾放到膝盖上之后，才把自己的餐巾放上。（Napkins are placed in the lap. At more formal occasions diners will wait to place their napkins on their laps until the host places his or her napkin on his or her lap）? 在正式的宴会上，食物应该同时送到餐桌上的每一位，但还是要等主人拿起餐具之后客人才能拿起餐具进餐。（At more formal occasions all diners should be served at the same time and will wait until the hostess or host lifts a fork or spoon before beginning）? 如果你不能吃某些食品，在你作客的时候，（