2017年高考英语一轮复习 作文分类指导十一 说明文写作课件 新人教版.pptVIP

* 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，要求用简洁明了的语言来解说事物、阐明事理，从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。近几年高考说明文多数以图表、表格或文字的形式给出提示，并往往融合在应用文体中进行考查，一般分为：场所路线介绍；事物介绍；方式、方法或计划安排介绍三大类。写说明文宜采用三段式： 第一段：主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的； 第二段：说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤； 第三段：进行总结概括。时态通常用一般现在时。 写作时应遵循以下几个步骤： （1）仔细审题，明确说明对象，抓住要说明的事物或事理的主要特征。 （2）选择合理的说明顺序（时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序）分层次进行说明，注意条理清晰。 （3）选择恰当的说明方法，比如定义法、举例法、比较法和细节描述法等，不要遗漏主要内容。 （4）根据说明顺序及内容确定过渡词和恰当的句型结构。文字应客观、简洁、明了，不要追求华丽和加入太多个人观点。 ①说明“方位”常用语： ...is located at the foot of/by the side of..., to the east of... In front of it is..., with...on its left and...on its right. Turning to the left, you will see..., behind which is.... Walking past..., the building that appears in front of you is.... Along the road are lines of trees, from which students can find… A walk around...is a feast for the mind as well as the eye. Opposite to the...stands.... The door on your left leads you to.... Next to the door against the wall there is a..., On your left lies a..., with all kinds of...in it. ②说明事物的“特点或优势”常用语： ...is a new kind of...produced by..., which is.... Made of..., it is light, small, and easy to carry. China is a large country with rich history and much population. It is rich in natural sources such as coal and gold and has mild weather. ...is provided for the convenience of customers/visitors. Built in the 16th century, the castle has witnessed too much coming and going in history. ③说明做某事的 “具体方法”常用语： Nowadays it is common to use..., but not knowing how to use.... As is known to all, it is important to.... With the development of..., there is an increasing need for people to know how to.... There are several steps to follow./Here are some tips. The first thing to do is to.... Although...is important, but without..., all the efforts you have made will be in vain. To ensure success, there is one more thing that you must bear in mind, that is.... If you can do what has been mentioned above, you can guarantee success. With the help of the above methods, y