航空电子基础5ADF.pptVIP

AVIONICS FUNDAMENTALS AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDERS * ADF Automatic Direction Finders Purpose Radio navigation system Station to station navigation Needle points towards ADF ground station selected by pilot Ground stations are called NDB’s Non Directional Beacons ADF Frequencies ADF Receivers operate in the range of 190-2000 KHZ ADF System Components Receiver Contol Head Indicator (All 3 may be combined in a panel mounted unit for general aviation installations) ADF Components cont. Loop antenna Sense antenna Both antennas may be combined into one antenna unit Modes of Operation Modes of Operation “ANT”--If the ANT mode is selected, the loop antenna is disabled and all receiving is done through the sense antenna. This mode provides the clearest audio reception, so youd normally use it to identify a station or listen to commercial radio broadcasts. On many ADFs, the needle should park in the 3 o’clock position when the receiver is in ANT mode Modes of Operation In the ADF mode, the pointer is activated and the ADF tries to point to the station. Some ADF systems have a BFO position. BFO stands for beat frequency oscillator“ The BFO will generate an audio tone to let you identify beacons that identify themselves using interrupted-carrier keying. (no audio) This feature is seldom used in North America, except for a few marine beacons, but can be very useful when flying in other parts of the world. ADF Receiver and Indicator Loop and Sense Antenna ADF Theory of Operation The ADF “Loop” antenna senses the direction of a radio station by seeking the “Null” position There are 2 “Nulls” 180 degrees apart The Sense antenna is used to determine which is the correct null (removes the ambiguity) Rotating Loop vs Fixed Loop Old ADF’s used a rotating loop antenna The loop was synchronized with the pointer in the instrument Fixed Loop ADF’s use a Goniometer in the ADF receiver. The goniometer is synchronized to the pointer in the instrument Rotating Loop Fixed Loop Proble