计算机通信网络性能分析与设计(第6).pptVIP

第六章 非马尔可夫排队模型 6.1 M/G/1排队模型 6.2 嵌入马尔可夫排队模型 6.3 转移概率 6.4 平均队列长度 6.5 系统中顾客数分布 6.6 等待时间分布 6.1 M/G/1/ 排队模型 1 系统中的状态至少需要用两个变量来表示,即N(t),X0(t)来描述 N(t)：时刻t时系统中顾客数 X0(t)：时刻t时服务顾客已服务的时间 6.3 转移概率(Transition Probabilities) 1) 状态转移图 6.4 平均队列长度 6.4 平均队列长度 3) 4) 6.5 系统中顾客数分布 1) 对于M/M/1 6.6 等待时间分布 * * 6.2 嵌入马尔可夫链 t T X0(t) Cn: Represents the nth customer to enter the system τn:Arrival time of Cn tn=τn- τn-1: Interarrival time between Cn-1 and Cn Xn: Service time to Cn qn: number of customers left behind by departure of Cn from service Vn: number of customers arriving during the service of Cn Server Queue Cn Cn Cn Cn+1 Cn+1 Cn+1 Vn+1到达 剩余qn 剩余qn+1 (qn-10) Cn-1 i i+1 i-2 i+2 i-1 j Server Queue Cn Cn Cn Cn+1 Cn+1 Cn+1 Vn+1到达 剩余qn 剩余qn+1 (qn0) Server Queue Cn Cn Cn Cn+1 Cn+1 Cn+1 Vn+1到达 qn=0 剩余qn+1 (qn=0) Server Queue Cn Cn Cn wn qn到达 sn xn Server Queue Cn Cn Vn到达 xn 1) First-Come-First-Served V(z)=B(λ- λz) Q(z)=S(λ- λz) 2) 等待时间分布 The seminar is organized in five Chapters. Chapter 1 presents an overview of ATM Traffic Management (TM) by showing the need for ATM TM. Chapter 2 is an introduction to the ATM TM basics and strategy. In Chapter 3, we focus on the nodal level control mechanisms such as cell/frame switching, Intelligent buffer management, traffic shaping, and usage parameter control (UPC). In Chapter 4, we focus on the network level controls such as routing, flow control, and connection admission control. Chapter 5 is a collection of new and merging ATM TM features such as ABR, IMA, and Frame Relay to ATM interworking. The seminar is organized in five Chapters. Chapter 1 presents an overview of ATM Traffic Management (TM) by showing the need for ATM TM. Chapter 2 is an introduction to the ATM TM basics and strategy. In Chapter 3, we focus on the nodal level control mechanisms such as cell/frame switching, Intelligent buffer management, traffic shaping, and usage parameter control (UPC). In Chapter 4, we focus on the network level controls such a