烟花爆竹厂安全生产现状分析及改进措施讲义.docx

2016届毕业论文醴陵市云端出口花炮厂安全生产现状分析及改进措施院 、 部： 安全与环境工程学院 学生姓名： 易冬林 指导教师：张力职称教授专 业： 安全工程 班 级： 安本1201班 完成时间： 2016年5月 摘 要我国是世界上最大的烟花爆竹生产、消费和出口国，有生产烟花爆竹的企业7000多家，销售烟花爆竹的企业约14万家，从业人员大约150万人。这些来，由于烟花爆竹而产生的安全事故时有发生，给人民群众带来了极大的安全隐患，所以加强烟花爆竹企业的安全管理已经刻不容缓。本文通过对醴陵市云端出口花炮厂进行实地调查，通过了解该厂人、机、环、管四方面的安全现状，找出了该厂五种可能发生的事故类型，分别为火灾、火药爆炸、粉尘伤害、噪声危害以及机械伤害。并利用鱼刺图对火灾和机械伤害进行分析，利用事故树对火药爆炸进行分析，利用LEC方法对粉尘伤害和噪声危害进行分析。发现火灾和火药爆炸的主要原因是没有控制好点火源，粉尘伤害的主要原因是工作环境的不合理，机械伤害的主要原因是监管不到位，噪声危害发生的可能性小，只需要稍微注意即可。除此以外，还在该厂没有看见安全操作规程，而且员工的安全意识十分的薄弱。并且针对该厂的问题，从安全技术、安全教育和安全管理三个方面提出了改进措施，以保证该厂的安全生产和员工的生命财产安全。关键词：烟花爆竹生产；安全现状分析；安全管理；改进措施ABSTRACTChina is the largest fireworks production, consumption and exporting countries in the world. There are more than 140 000 companies marketing fireworks and 1.5 million employees. In recent years, fireworks accidents has brought great security risk to the people, so it is imperative to strengthen enterprise security management of the fireworks . Based on the export fireworks factory in Liling City.This paper analyzed safety status of machines, environment, management and identified five possible types of accidents occurred in the plant—fire, gunpowder explosion, dust damage, noise hazardsand mechanical hazards. Then,fire and mechanical injury were analyzed through method of fish-bone, gunpowder explosions analyzedby method of LEC.This paper discovery that fire and gunpowder explosion is mainly due to an ignition source out of control, dust damagemainly due to unreasonable working environment, mechanical damagemainly due to regulation out of control,the possibility of occurrence of noise hazard is little. In addition,there is no regulations in plant and employee safety awareness is very weak. And for the plants issues,this paper proposed three improvementsmeasures一security technology, safety education and safety management to ensure the safety of life and property.Keywords :Fireworks production ,Analysis of safety , Safety management