基于单片的智能节器研究设计书深刻.docVIP

毕业设计说明书 题 目：基于单片机的智能调节器设计 基于单片机的智能调节器设计 摘 要 智能仪器就是以单片机为主体，将计算机技术与测量控制技术结合在一起而组成的“智能化测量控制系统”。智能仪器具有自动操作、数据处理和友好的人机对话等传统仪器无法比拟的优点，因而在各个领域都有着广泛的应用。随着微电子技术和信息技术的发展，智能仪器将会向着微型化、多功能化和网络化的方向发展。 本设计以高性能的80C196KB单片机为核心，辅以必要的外围器件，来完成调节器的各项功能。同时，本调解器还具备了初步的智能化。在硬件电路设计中，本文详细介绍了各电路模块的设计方法，并且也给出了键盘、显示、通讯和打印的外围电路设计；在软件设计部分，本文介绍了单片机软件程序的流程和设计。本文还讨论了软硬件抗干扰的方法。最后，针对设计中的问题和不足，提出了一些建议和改进方法。 关键词：智能仪器；调节；单片机；PID控制 The Design of Intelligent Regulator Based on MCU Abstract Intelligent instrument is a kind of intelligent measuring and controlling system that combines computer technology and measuring and controlling technology with MCU being its main body. Intelligent instrument has many strong-points which traditional instrument hasn’t, such as automatic operation, data processing and friendly man-machine conversation function. So, it can be applied widely in all kinds of fields. With the rapid development of microelectronics and information technology, intelligent instrument will develop in micromation, multifunctional and network direction. This design take the high-performance MCU 80C196KB as the core, and auxiliary by necessary periphery component, to complete the regulators functions. At the same time, this regulator also has the preliminary intellectualization. On the hardware circuit design, this paper describes various circuit modules in detail, and also gives the peripheral circuit design of the keyboard, the display, the communication and the print; In the part of software design, this paper shows the compiling and flow of software of MCU. Finally, in view of the problems and insufficiencies in this design, some recommendations and advices are presented. Key words: Intelligent Instrument; Regulate; MCU; PID Control 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 引 言 1 1.1 调节器概述 1 1.2 模拟调节器 2 1.3 数字调节器 3 1.4 智能调节器 3 1.4.1 智能调节器的结构 3 1.4.2 智能调节器的特点和基本功能 5 1.4.3 智能调节器的优越性 6 第二章 智能调节器方案选择 7 2.1 微处理器的选择 7 2.2 控制算法的选择 8 2.2.1 PID控制的基本原理 8 2.2.2 PID控制算法及特点 9 第三章 智能调节器硬件电路设计 17 3.1 智能调节器