7)Effect of pressure.pptVIP

* * (7)Effect of pressure When total pressure P increases, or temperature T decreases, the solubility of soluble components increases. Increasing P and decreasing T are Favorable conditions for absorption.吸收( 高压、低温有利) If the gas and liquid rates are kept constant so the operating line is not changed, for given ZT=Hoy?Noy =Constant, For given V, yb, ya, P?? x*b=yb/m?? liquid flow rates Lmin?. (8)Temperature variations in packed towers When rich gas is fed to an absorption tower, the temperature in the tower varies appreciably from bottom to top. Heat of absorption of the solute ?temperature T?; Evaporation of the solvent ?temperature T?; Usually, overall effect: T?. T??p*(equilibrium partial pressure)? ?Driving force?. The heat of absorption of the solute is disadvantageous to absorption Factors influencing the temperature profile: 1)rates of solute absorption; 2)evaporation or condensation of solvent; 3)heat transfer between the phases. When the gas inlet temperature is close to the exit temperature of the liquid and the incoming gas is saturated, there is little effect on solvent evaporation, and the rise in liquid temperature is roughly proportional to the amount of solute absorbed. [Fig.18.15a, p.567] When the gas enters the columns 10 to 20 0C below the exit liquid temperature and the solvent is volatile, evaporation will cool the liquid in the bottom part of the column, and the temperature profile may have a maximum, as shown in Figure 18.15b. *E.g.(18.4) (9)Supplementary: Stripping factor method for calculating the number of transfer units Assume Operating-line equation: That is: Substituting x from Eq.(b) into Eq.(a) and rearrangement give Integration(综合) of above Eq. gives Slope of equilibrium line Slope of operating line [Similar to Eq.(3-84) in Chinese textbook]脱吸因数法 脱吸因数 Absorption efficiency ?A: When Two ways of increasing absorption efficiency ?A: 1)Increasing the mass transfer driving force: (a)Increasing the liquid-gas ratio液气比L/V ??driving forc