人教版高中英语选修七课件：unit 4 第4学时 grammar精要.pptVIP

* * 英语·选修7（人教版） 第四学时　Grammar 一、关系代词 关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that等代替先行词，指人或物，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1．who，whom 代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，that代替的先行词可以是人，也可以是物。 Is he the man who/that wants to see you？(who/that在从句中作主语) 语 法 精 讲 He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.(whom/that在从句中作宾语，可以省略) 2．whose 用来指人或物(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以与of which互换)。 They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose cover is green. →Please pass me the book the_cover_of_which is green. 语 法 精 讲 3．which所代替的先行词是指事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.(which/that在从句中作主语) The package which/that they are carrying is too heavy.(which/that在从句中作宾语) 语 法 精 讲 二、关系代词that 的用法 1．不用that的情况。 (1)在引导非限制性定语从句时，不能用that，只能用which。 The tree，which is four hundred years old，is very famous here. (2)介词后不能用that，只能用which。 We depend on the land from_which we get our food. 语 法 精 讲 2．只能用that的情况。 (1)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。 There is a room in the building that is still free. (2)不定代词，如anything，nothing，the one，all，much，few，any，little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。 Finally，the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 语 法 精 讲 (3)先行词有the only，the very修饰时，只用that。 This is the only book that is worth reading. (4)先行词有序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。 We will never forget the first lesson that our English teacher gave us. (5)先行词既有人，又有物时只用that。 He told me the places and persons that he visited in London. 语 法 精 讲 三、关系副词 关系副词when，where，why代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。 1．关系副词when，where，why的含义相当于“介词＋ which”结构。 Beijing is the place where/in_which I was born. Is this the reason why/for_which he refused our offer? 语 法 精 讲 2．关系副词在定语从句中只能作状语。如果先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，关系词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，关系词就不能用when，where，why，而要用which，that；作主语时that/which不省略，作宾语时可省略。 I will never forget the days which/that we spent together.(that/which作宾语，可省略) This is the factory that/which(作主语，不能省略) is famous for its products. 语