Lesson2-LegalProfession讲解.ppt

The remaining six practice in law firms, which are generally organized as partnerships. 剩下的6个人组成律师事务所，一般采用合伙制。 Four or five of these six are partners and the others are associates, a term applied to salaried lawyers employed by a firm or another lawyer. 6个人中有4、5个是合伙人； 其他1、2个是合作者，他们受雇于律师事务所或其他律师，领取工资。 * This trend toward group practice is relatively recent origin. 合伙开业 * Throughout most of nineteenth century, law practice was general rather than specialized, its chief ingredient was advocacy rather than counseling and drafting, and the prototype of the American lawyer was the single practitioner. 律师业务是一般化的，而不是专业化的 主要业务是出庭辩护，而不是提供咨询和起草文书 美国律师的原型是单独开业者。 * Marked specialization began in the later part of that century in the large cities near the financial centers. 19世纪后期，在金融中心附近的大城市，出现了显著的律师专业化。 * With the growth of big business, big govornment, big labor, the work of the lawyer accommodated itself to the needs of clients for expert counseling and drafting to prevent as well as to settle disputes. 随着大企业、大政府及大的劳动力的增长，律师工作本身适应了当事人需要专家提供咨询和起草法律文书，从而避免和解决纠纷的需要。 * The best lawyers were attracted to this work 最好的律师被吸引来做这些事。 leadership of the bar gravitated to persons who rarely if ever appeared in courts and who were sought after as advisors, planners, and negotiators. 律师界的领导人物开始垂青那些极少出庭——即使确曾出庭的话——的律师，那些供不应求的咨询顾问、策划人员及谈判专家。 * Today the lawyer regards it as sound practice to be continuously familiar with clients’ business problems and to participate at all steps in shaping of their policies. Major business transactions are rarely undertaken without advice of counsel. 今天，律师仍然将继续熟悉其委托人的各种生意问题以及参与委托人制定其计划的一切过程视为他们必不可少的一项实践。没有法律顾问的建议，大宗商业交易的进行是很少发生的。 * Part 3 House Counsel 受雇于某公司而非独立开业的律师 Out of every twenty lawyers, two are employed by private business concerns, such as industrial corporations, insurance companies, and banks, usually as house or corporate counsel in the concern’s legal department. 20个律师中有2个受雇于私人企业，如工业公司、金融公司、银行。 专职法律顾问，公司法律顾问 * the growt