操作系统设计与实作报告【免费】.docVIP

操作系统设计与实作报告 主题：Signal 成员：吴正敏 陈信瑜 张简光哲 郭闵嘉 李俊岳 卢颖志 林胜尉 背景 UNIX中有几种历史悠久的处理程序间通讯机制(IPC、Inter-process communication)，Signal是其中之一。系统核心利用Signal来通知处理程序某些事件发生了。使用者通常利用Signal来放弃执行某个处理程序或将交谈式的程序切换到某个状态。所以说Signal是software interrupts。Signal很早就有了，像早期的Unix版本，不过那时有提供的Signal并不可靠(像Version 7)，直到4.3BSD和SVR3做了一些改变，加入了reliable signals。可惜的是两者彼此并不相容。但幸运的，POSIX.1有提供了标准化的signal 函式。Signal的编号在不同的UNIX版本有不同的设定，表一是Linux的编号方式，大致是合乎POSIX的标准。 表一: Signal表列 Singal name Number Function SIGHUP 1 hangup SIGINT 2 interrupt SIGQUIT 3 quit SIGILL 4 illegal instruction SIGTRAP 5 trace trap SIGABRT 6 abort (generated by abort(3) routine) SIGIOT 6 Input/Output Trap (obsolete) SIGBUS 7 bus error SIGFPE 8 arithmetic exception SIGKILL 9 kill (cannot be caught, blocked, or ignored) SIGUSR1 10 user-defined signal 1 SIGSEGV 11 segmentation violation SIGUSR2 12 user-defined signal 2 SIGPIPE 13 write on a pipe or other socket with no one to read it SIGALRM 14 alarm clock SIGTERM 15 software termination signal SIGTKFLT 16 SIGCHLD 17 child status has changed SIGCONT 18 continue after stop SIGSTOP 19 stop (cannot be caught, blocked, or ignored) SIGTSTP 20 stop signal generated from keyboard SIGTTIN 21 background read attempted from control terminal SIGTTOU 22 background write attempted to control terminal SIGURG 23 urgent condition present on socket SIGXCPU 24 cpu time limit exceeded (see getrlimit(2)) SIGXFSZ 25 file size limit exceeded (see getrlimit(2)) SIGVTALRM 26 virtual time alarm (see getitimer(2)) SIGPROF 27 profiling timer alarm (see getitimer(2)) SIGWINCH 28 window changed (see termio(4) and win(4S)) SIGIO,SIGPOLL 29 I/O is possible on a descriptor (see fcntl(2V)) SIGPWR 30 Power Failure (for UPS) SIGUNUSED 31 数据结构 struct task_struct { /* these are hardcoded - dont touch */ volatile long state; /* -1 unrunnable, 0 runnable, 0 stopped