A Cooperative Forwarding Scheme for VANET Routing Protocols.docVIP

A Cooperative Forwarding Scheme for VANET Routing Protocols 　　Providing efficient packet delivery in vehicular ad hoc networks （VANETs） is particularly challenging due to the vehicle movement and lossy wireless channels. A data packet can be lost at a forwarding node even when a proper node is selected as the forwarding node. In this paper， we propose a loss?tolerant scheme for unicast routing protocols in VANETs. The proposed scheme employs multiple forwarding nodes to improve the packet reception ratio at the forwarding nodes. The scheme uses network coding to reduce the number of required transmissions， resulting in a significant improvement in end?to?end packet delivery ratio with low message overhead. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is evaluated by using both theoretical analysis and computer simulations. 　　vehicular ad hoc networks； routing protocol； network coding； cooperative forwarding scheme 　　1 Introduction 　　Vehicular ad hoc networks （VANETs） have been attracting interest in recent years for their potential role in intelligent transport systems. Due to node movement and the lossy wireless channels， providing efficient multi?hop communication between a source node and a destination node is a well?known challenging problem. In order to provide an efficient communication， the following issues should be considered： 1） the selection of an efficient multi?hop route， 2） providing reliable transmission to the next forwarding node. Many protocols have been proposed to handle the first issue [1]-[8]. However， the second issue has not been discussed seriously. In this paper， we focus on the problem of how to provide efficient packet delivery to the selected forwarding node. 　　Since vehicle movement could directly affect the performance of data transmission， many protocols have been proposed to take into account vehicle mobility in the forwarding node selection. Shafiee and Leung [1] have proposed a protocol which takes the connectivity of routes i