专四语法讲座第一讲(3.30).ppt

英语专四语法 By Tina Sat. March 30th, 2013 语法考点 虚拟语气 非谓语动词：不定时，动名词，分词 主谓一致、限定词 时态 比较结构 倒装句 从句 反意疑问句 词汇考点 异形近义词和同义词，近形异义词，异形异义词 搭配 习语 代词 语法与词汇 1. 考试大纲要求： 能灵活、正确地运用教学大纲语法结构表一级至四级的全部内容，掌握大纲规定的基础阶段认知词汇(5500-6000)，并且能正确、熟练地运用其中3000-4000个单词及其最基本的搭配。 测试时间为15分钟，题型为多项选择题，共30道题，每题有四个选择项，其中50%为词汇、词组和短语用法题，其余50%为语法结构题。测试学生运用词汇、短语、语法结构以及基本语法概念的能力。语法与词汇项目原始分30分，所占总分比重为15%，即0.5分每题。 语法考点 ?1.名词性从句的虚拟形式 名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句的谓语动词需用(should+)动词原形表示虚拟。考生应熟悉： ?(1)下列动词做谓语时，that宾语从句中的动词用虚拟形式： desire, advise, recommend, command, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require, insist, maintain, move, propose, prefer, urge, vote。如： I move that he be discharged for his serious mistake. 2. 下列形容词和分词做表语或补语时，that主语从句中动词用虚拟形式： advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, possible, probable, proper, vital, advised, arranged, commanded, demanded, desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, suggested。如： The board deem it urgent that these files should be printed right away. It is essential that all these figures be checked twice. 3.下列名词接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句中动词用虚拟形式： insistence, preference, recommendation, suggestion, proposal, motion, desire, requirement, request, order, necessity, importance, regulation, rule, resolution, understanding。如： John Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it be analyzed in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference. They keep telling us it is of utmost importance that our representative be sent to the conference on schedule. (2)虚拟语气考点八： 区分主从句表示的不同时间概念 主从句谓语动词所指时间不同，这叫做错综时间条件句，动词形式应根据实际情况来调整。如： Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is. (主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反) Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now. (主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反) (3) )虚拟语气考点九：识别事实和假设混合句 Your math instructor would have been happ