forgeologicalstorageofCO2.PDFVIP

Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2009, 58, 4, 259–267 doi: 10.3176/earth.2009.4.04 The Baltic Basin: structure, properties of reservoir rocks, and capacity for geological storage of CO2 Alla Shogenovaa, Saulius Sliaupab, c, Rein Vahera, Kazbulat Shogenova, and Raisa Pomerancevad a Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; alla@gi.ee b Institute of Geology and Geography, T. Sev?enkos 13, LT-03223, Vilnius, Lithuania; sliaupa@lgt.lt c Vilnius University, Universiteti St. 3, LT-01513, Vilnius, Lithuania; sliaupa@geo.lt d Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Agency, Maskavas St. 165, Riga, Latvia Received 18 June 2009, accepted 4 September 2009 Abstract. Baltic countries are located in the limits of the Baltic sedimentary basin, a 700 km long and 500 km wide synclinal structure. The axis of the syneclise plunges to the southwest. In Poland the Precambrian basement occurs at a depth of 5 km. The Baltic Basin includes the Neoproterozoic Ediacaran (Vendian) at the base and all Phanerozoic systems. Two aquifers, the lower Devonian and Cambrian reservoirs, meet the basic requirements for CO2 storage. The porosity and permeability of sandstone decrease with depth. The average porosity of Cambrian sandstone at depths of 80–800, 800–1800, and 1800–2300 m is 18.6, 14.2, and 5.5%, respectively. The average permeability is, respectively, 311, 251, and 12 mD. Devonian sandstone has an average porosity of 26% and permeability in the range of 0.5–2 D. Prospective Cambrian structural traps occur only in Latvia. The 16 largest ones have CO2 storage capacity in the range of 2–74 Mt, with total capacity exceeding 400 Mt. The structural trapping is not an option for Lithuania as the uplifts there are too small. Another option is utilization of CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The estimated total EOR net volume of CO2 (part of CO2 remaining in the formation) in Lithuania is 5.6 Mt. Solubility and mineral trapping are a