Slide_chpt03Fundamentals.pptVIP

The Finite Element MethodA Practical Course FOUNDMENTALS FOR FINITE ELEMENT METHOD Getting serious with relaxation CONTENTS STRONG AND WEAK FORMS OF GOVERNING EQUATIONS HAMILTON’S PRINCIPLE FEM PROCEDURE Domain discretization Displacement interpolation Formation of FE equation in local coordinate system Coordinate transformation Assembly of FE equations Imposition of displacement constraints Solving the FE equations STATIC ANALYSIS EIGENVALUE ANALYSIS TRANSIENT ANALYSIS (reading materials) REMARKS STRONG AND WEAK FORMS OF GOVERNING EQUATIONS System equations: strong form (PDE), difficult to solve. Weak (integral) form: requires weaker continuity on the dependent variables (e.g., u, v, w). Weak form is often preferred for obtaining an approximated solution. Formulation based on a weak form leads to a set of algebraic system equations – FEM. HAMILTON’S PRINCIPLE “Of all the admissible time histories of displacement the most accurate solution makes the Lagrangian functional a minimum.” An admissible displacement must satisfy: The compatibility equations The essential or the kinematic boundary conditions The conditions at initial (t1) and final time (t2) HAMILTON’S PRINCIPLE Mathematically FEM PROCEDURE Step 1: Domain discretization Step 2: Displacement interpolation Step 3: Formation of FE equation in local coordinates Step 4: Coordinate transformation Step 5: Assembly of FE equations Step 6: Imposition of displacement constraints Step 7: Solving the FE equations Step 1: Domain discretization The solid body is divided into Ne elements with proper connectivity – compatibility. All the elements form the entire domain of the problem without any overlapping – compatibility. There can be different types of element with different number of nodes. The density of the mesh depends upon the accuracy requirement of the analysis. The mesh is usually not uniform, and a finer mesh is often used in the area where the displacement gradient is larger. Step 2: Displacement inte