The Top Quark.pptVIP

July 28, 2004 Fermilab Colloquium The Top Quark a look back (and forward) 10 years after top first appeared in Fermilab data Mel Shochet University of Chicago the search the discovery (as I remember it!) what we know now Run II, LHC, LC Increased accessible top mass ? new analysis techniques Note: I will not mention who did what. This was truly a collaborative effort. Success due to an extremely talented group of junior faculty, postdocs, and graduate students. I will forget some people. I don’t know who was doing what in D0. 1974 With the discovery of the J/? : quarks leptons GIM (FCNC) 1975-77 Acceptance of ? lepton in Mark I data (decay kinematics ? ??) Discovery at Fermilab of the ? ? b quark b: non-SM? isosinglet? SM isodoublet? 1984 DESY measurement of FB asymmetry: (22.5?6.5)% c.f. 25.2% for SM isodoublet; 0% for isosinglet If the SM were correct, there must be an isodoublet partner, the top quark. Mass = ? [b/c/s = 4.5/1.5/0.5 ? Mt = 15 GeV?] Searches in e+e- Collisions PETRA could reach ?20 GeV (late ’70s) search for narrow toponium resonance look for an increase in R = (# of hadron events)/(# of ?+?- events) global event characteristics: look for spherical component negative results ? Mtop 23 GeV TRISTAN built to study top quark (early ’80s) similar search techniques Mtop 30 GeV SLC/LEP look for Mtop 45 GeV That was the kinematic limit for direct search in e+e- collisions. Predictions from Z0 Decay In the Standard Model, various EWK measurables depend on the mass of the top quark. EWK radiative corrections ? Mt2 Precision measurements of Z0 decay ? predictions of Mtop (SM consistency) Throughout the period 1990 – top discovery: direct search lower limit prediction lower limit prediction upper limit 200 – 225 GeV Early Searches in Hadron Collisions CERN SppS (?s = 540 GeV) built to observe W, Z single ring ? p production cooling +: access to much higher mass