“圆的基准方程[第一课时]”演示课件7[北师大版必须修读2].ppt

* * * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 问题： (1) 求到点C(1, 2)距离为2的点的轨迹方程. (x ?1)2 + ( y ? 2)2 = 4 (2) 方程(x ?1)2 + ( y ? 2)2 = 4表示的曲线是什么？ 以点C(1, 2)为圆心， 2为半径的圆. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1.圆的定义： 平面内与定点的距离等于定长的点的集合(轨迹)叫做圆. 2.圆的标准方程: 求圆心为C(a, b), 半径为r的圆的方程. (x ? a)2 + ( y ? b)2 = r2 称之为圆的标准方程. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3. 特殊位置的圆的方程: 圆心在原点: x2 + y2 = r2 圆心在x轴上: (x ? a)2 + y2 = r2 圆心在y轴上: x2+ (y ? b)2 = r2 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 回答问题： 1. 说出下列圆的方程： (1) 圆心在原点,半径为3. (2) 圆心在点C(3, 4), 半径为7. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2. 说出下列方程所表示的圆的圆心坐标和半径： (1) (x + 7)2 + ( y ? 4)2 = 36 圆心C(2，? 5), r = 1 (2) x2 + y2 ? 4x + 10y + 28 = 0 圆心C(? 7, 4), r = 6 (3) (x ? a)2 + y 2 = m2 圆心C(a, 0), r = |m| Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例1(1)已知两点P1(4, 9)和P2(6, 3)，求以P1P2为直径的圆的方程. 5. 圆的方程的求法: ①代入法 ②待定系数法 (2) 判断点M(6, 9)、N(3, 3)、Q(5, 3)是在圆上，在圆内，还是在圆外. (x ? 5)2 + ( y ? 6)2 = 10 M在圆上，N在圆外，Q在圆内． 一般情形见P82.第3题. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点和圆之间存在有三种位置关系： 若已知圆的半径为r，点P(x0，y0)和圆心C 之间的距离为d，则 P在圆上? d=r? (x0 ?a)2 +( y0 ?b)2 =r2 P在圆外? dr? (x0 ?a)2 +(y0 ?b)2 r2 P在圆内? dr? (x0 ?a)2 +(y0 ?b)2 r2 小结： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例2 求满足下列条件的圆的方程： (1) 圆心在 x 轴上，半径为5，且过点A(2，? 3). 练习：点(2a, 1 ? a)在圆x2 + y2 = 4的内部，求