大修汽车的可靠性综合评定方法精要.doc

大修汽车的可靠性综合评定方法 摘要:鉴于目前我国大修汽车质量长期徘徊不前的现状，本文为了提高大修汽车可靠性评价的准确性,在对模糊可靠性理论和综合评价理论进行分析的基础上,建立了大修汽车可靠性的模糊综合评判数学模型,并且进行了实例应用和故障分析，以求可靠性达到最佳水平。 关键词：可靠性 大修 模糊性理论 故障 Overhaul automotive reliability evaluation method Lan Yangyong Wu Renjun Faculty of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China Abstract: During evaluation of major overhauled automobile reliability, multiple indexes may be involved, so an overall evaluation is necessary. Meanwhile, as each index play s a special role in the evaluation and needs to be treated differently, a weighted overall evaluation is used. In real automobile system, many faults such as fatigue, wear and tear, corruption and break appear in intermediary state from 搃ntact攖o 搒crap? that is, in some degree they are in fuzzy and normal state but in some degree they are in fuzzy and fault state. In automobile reliability engineering, there is fuzziness in collecting data, statistical analysis, experimental analysis, personnels reliability actions, unknown factors, etc. In this paper, based on the analysis of automobile fuzzy reliability theory and overall evaluation theory, a mathematical model of the major automobile reliability is founded. It is proved that fuzzy overall evaluation can be used successfully and effectively in the major overhauled automobile reliability evaluation. The method is simple, easy and applicable. Key words:　Reliability, Major repair , Fuzziness theory , Fault 0 引言 大修汽车在各种技术性能上应同新车有着相似的要求,我国大修汽车质量长期徘徊不前,这与众多因素有关,特别是和对修竣汽车没有建立完整的评估方法密切相关。对大修汽车可靠性进行评价,就反映了汽车在大修后使用过程中的可靠性。[1]通过大修汽车可靠性评价与故障分析,能暴露那些可靠性较低的薄弱环节,根据评价与分析,提出提高使用可靠性的途径,通过评价能掌握汽车可靠性随时间改变的规律,为合理确定维修周期、维修作业项目等提供依据。 本文主要包括以下几个部分：①对大修汽车可靠性评价这一问题的背景做出简要介绍，并导出我们的理论方法：加权综合评定法和模糊化评价法；②对加权综合评定法和模糊化评价法作出阐述并作出理论上的依据；建立大修汽车可靠性的模糊综合评判数学模型；③应用②中提出的理论方法对大修汽车的可靠性进行实例分析；④总结本文。 1 问题背景 对大修汽车进行可靠性评价[1],常常涉及多个指标,这时就要求根据这多个指标作出综合评价，同时,引进能体现各指标在评价中的不同地位和作用的权重系数,能使评价更加合理,即采用加权综合评定的方法。在真正的汽车系统，许多故障，如疲劳，磨损，撕裂和断裂出