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processingtrade解读
Implications 吸收剩余劳动力 Lewis(1954) 1979年与舒尔茨一同获得了当年的诺贝尔经济学奖 Implications 出口创汇,引进技术 Implications 对出口导向政策的反思 《国家鼓励外商投资优惠政策》 《中国银行对外商投资企业贷款办法》 《中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法实施细则》 出口退税等 Implications 让市场在外贸转型中起决定作用 Back to Adam Smith? Summary Basic Concepts Characteristics Implications References All Cited Papers Yu and Tian(2012) Feenstra(1998) Baldwin and Venables(2011) Baldwin and Lopez-Gonzalez(2013) …… Yu and Tian(2012) HS2 Processing / total Processing HS2 Processing / total Imports Yu and Tian(2012) Proportion of Imports by Transport Mode in 2010 The Top 10 Ports with Largest Imports Quality The color areas denotes the top 10 countries (regimes) that with highest product quality for processing goods shipped to China in 2010: Norway, France, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, the United States, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, and Denmark Top 10 industries with Highest Quality for Processing Imports (2010) Proportion of Imports by Ownership of Firms in 2010 Variety(Yu and Tian,2012) 分出口贸易方式企业数量 混合贸易企业(刘晴等,2013) 各种出口企业所有权结构 各种出口企业区域分布 各种企业出口密集程度 出口密集度=出口额/销售额 特征事实 我国出口企业主要分布在在东部地区和劳动密集型行业; 其中,加工贸易企业主要由外资企业和港澳台企业构成; 有趣的是,近一半以上的加工贸易企业同时在国内市场销售; 在一般贸易企业中,国有、集体、股份合作和联营等性质企业的比重超过了一半; 混合贸易企业也是一种常见的出口企业,主要由外资企业和港澳台企业构成;与同时内销和出口的加工贸易和一般贸易企业相比,混合贸易企业具有较高的出口密集度。 Outline Basic Concepts Characteristics Implications 国际影响(baldwin Lopez-Gonzalez, 2013) Indirect measures of supply-chain trade from 1960s When North-South production sharing took off, G7 world shares of income and exports plummeted The big gainer was China The geography of the share winners and losers is stunning value added trade: A $10 Mexican car export to the US Observed and notional trade flows move up the value chain substituting foreign value added for domestic value added in intermediates embodied in their exports. Implications: Processing Trade 附加值较低 贸易附加值较低 Feenstra(1998, JEP) As an example of outsourcing, consider the Barbie doll (Tempest, 1996). Feenstra(1998, JEP) The raw material for the doll (plastic and hair
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