高中英语 cmputers grammar课件 新人教版必修2.ppt

* The Present Perfect Passive Voice Lead-in Are you familiar熟悉 with these computers? Can you call them? PDA laptop/ notebook computer Desktop PC WW PC wrist-worn/wearable PC A wrist-worn PC has been invented recently. A pen-like computer has already been developed. 1构成： 主动语态 被动语态 现在完成时 have/has done The Present Perfect Passive Voice 　　（现在完成时的被动语态） 　 现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响 have/has been done Learning the structure: 例如： 1. The dirty clothes have been washed. 脏衣服都已经洗了。 2. The plan has been studied by the experts for three times. 这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。 3. The child has been taken care of by Grandma Wang all these years. 这些年来, 这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。 现在完成时被动态： have / has? + been + 动词过去分词 现在完成进行时： have / has + been + 动词现在分词 它们的构成的区别在最后的动词上, 被动态接的是过去分词形式, 现在完成进行时接的是现在分词形式。 1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。如： The Temple of Zhang Fei has been rebuilt. 张飞庙已经过重建。 2. 说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。如: The door has been locked. 门已经被锁上了。 3. 动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可能持续下去。如： He has been told about it for many times. 有人告诉他这事很多次了。 （可能还会有人告诉他） （我或别人现在进不去） 4. 用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来 来某时已完成的动作。如： We’ll start as soon as the work has been finished. 工作一完成我们就立即动身。 注意: 1. 副词的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。如: [误] Such a man has been hardly believed. [正] Such a man has hardly been believed. 2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如： [误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. [正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 3．但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语 动词，相当于及物 动词，也可以有被动语态。 但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动 语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。如： eg 1) The child has been taken good care of by Grandma Wang all these years. A notice has been put up on the wall. 改错 1. A personal computer has bought by us. A personal compute