木材保护与改性perface.pptVIP

Key points The reasons for wood decay and methods to protect wood. Behaviour of termites and methods to protect wood form being attacked. Wood discoloration and prevention; Wood dyeing. The reasons for bamboo mold and decay; methods to protect bamboo. Evaluation methods and Treatment of wood dimensional stabilization Variety of wood-polymer composites; manufacture principle and methods of WPC. Mechanism of fire retardancy, major fire retardants. 1.1 Merits and defects of wood. 1.2 The reasons for wood preservation and modification. 1.3 The knowledge we should known in advance. 1.4 The present tendency for wood preservation and modification. 1.1 Merits and defects of wood. 1.1.1 Merits of wood (1) Natural and renewable material. (2) Easy to be machined。 (3) Higher ratio of intensity to density. (4) Air-dried timber is insulated materials to heat and electricity. (4) Natural and beautiful grain, luster and color. (5) Absorption in ultraviolet radiation and reflection on infrared ray. (6) Excellent in acoustic performances. (6) Absorption in energy. (7) A viscoelastic material (粘弹性材料) 。 (8) Adjust in indoor climate,such as temperature and humidity.　 (9) Accomodating biology physiologically and mentally. (1) Shrinkage on drying and swelling on wetting. (2) Anisotropic(各向异性) in mechanical and physical properties. (2) Easy to be deteriorate by fungi and insects. (3) Easy to burn. (4) Anisotropic material. (5) Having many natural defects. For example: knot (节子), taper(尖削), crooking(弯曲), reaction wood(应力木), cross grain(斜纹), burl(树瘤), and so on. Pictures for the defects of wood 1.2 The reasons for wood preservation and modification. 1.3 The knowledge we should known in advance. 1.3.1 Chemical composition of wood Main composition： cellulose（纤维素）（40-50%)、hemicellulose（半纤维素）(25-35%)、lignin（木质素）(18-25%); Secondary composition： extractives（抽提物）4-10％：fat、wax（蜡）、alkaloid（生物碱）、protein（蛋白质）、phenolic materials(酚类化合物）、flavone(黄酮)、tannin（单宁）、（resin)树脂等； inorgan