6国际贸易支付综述.ppt

（一）票据的范围 １．汇票（Bill of Exchange 或Draft）：汇票是指出票人签发的，委托付款人在见票时或在指定日期无条件支付确定的金额给收款人或持票人的票据。 出票人(Drawer)——出口人； 受票人(Drawee, payer)——进口人或其往来银行； 受款人(Payee) ——出口人本人或其指定的银行 。 A bill of exchange is a negotiable instrument, signed and issued by the drawer, who authorizes the drawee to pay unconditionally a sum certain in money to the payee or the holder at sight or on a specific date.(art.19. China Negotiable Instrument Law) 商业汇票和银行汇票 样式 汇票的内容：①“汇票”的字样；②无条件支付命令（“pay to”）；③确定的金额； ④付款人（受票人）名称；⑤收款人名称；⑥出票日期； ⑦出票人签字； ⑧付款地点 ；⑨付款期限；⑩出票地点 。 3．支票（Check）： 是出票人签发的，委托办理支票存款业务的银行或金融机构在见票时无条件支付确定金额给收款人或持票人的票据。 4、汇票的提示、承兑、付款 提示(Presentment)——承兑提示、付款提示 承兑(Acceptant)——汇票的付款人表示接受出票人的付款提示，同意承担付款义务而将此项意思表示以书面记载于汇票之上的义务。 付款(payment)——汇票的承兑人（付款人）或其担当付款人向执票人支付汇票金额，以消灭票据权利义务关系的行为。 二、托收（逆汇，Collection） （一）概述 1．定义 指卖方以买方为付款人开立汇票，委托银行代向买方收取货款的一种结算方式。 The exporter asks his bank to arrange for the acceptance or payment of the bill overseas, and the bank will carry out his tasks through its own branch office aboard or a correspondent bank. This procedure is termed as collection of proceeds of sale. 2．特点： （1）逆汇 （2）属于商业信用 总结：托收当事人之间的法律关系 三、信用证（Letter of Credit, L/C) （一）概述 1、定义 信用证意指一项约定，无论其如何命名或描述，该约定不可撤销并因此构成开证行对于相符提示予以兑付的确定承诺。（UCP600 art.2） Credit means any arrangement, however named or described, that is irrevocable and thereby constitutes a definite undertaking of the issuing bank to honour a complying presentation. 2、单证独立原则 信用证与可能作为其依据的销售合同或其他合同是相互独立的交易。 信用证独立于其基础合同 开证申请人不能以其对开证行或受益人的请求或抗辩来限制或阻止银行付款 受益人只能依据信用证条款享有信用证下的权利 1.Independence Principles  (Article 3. Credits v. Contracts ) a. Credits, by their nature, are separate transactions from the sales or other contract(s) on which they may be based and banks are in no way concerned with or bound by such contract(s), even if any reference whatsoever to such contract(s) is included in the Credit. Consequently, the undertaking of a bank to pay, accept and pay Draft(s) or negotiate and/or to fulfi