The beneficial effect of concurrent task irrelevant mental activity on temporal attention.pptxVIP

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The beneficial effect of concurrent task irrelevant mental activity on temporal attention.pptx

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The beneficial effect of concurrent task irrelevant mental activity on temporal attention

Christian N.L. Olivers and Sander Nieuwenhuis PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE，Volume 16—Number 4 Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands The Beneficial Effect of Concurrent Task-Irrelevant Mental Activity on Temporal Attention One type of mental activity interferes with, distracts from, or takes attentional capacity away from the other. After extensive practice，some individuals are able to copy spoken sentences while reading. Here we report the beneficial effect of task-irrelevant mental activity on performance of a task that does not involve automated procedural skills, but instead relies heavily on paying attention to visual input. the task：attentional blink（detect the two digits in the stream of letters） Standard control group, participants received the type of instruction that is standard for this and related kinds of experiments, namely, to concentrate and report as many targets correctly as possible. Four groups of participants Free-association group—participants were instructed that while doing the task, they should think about either their most recent holiday or their shopping requirements for an imaginary dinner with friends. No mention was made of the need to concentrate or to report as many digits correctly as possible Listen-to-music group to perform the task while listening to a rhythmic tune. A reward condition, in which participants were paid according to their performance A rapid serial presentation of 13 to 21 letters Each letter was randomly drawn (without replacement) from the alphabet and presented for 88 ms, followed by a 32-ms blank. METHOD The second digit (T2) was presented three to six temporal positions from the end of the stream. The temporal distance between the first digit (T1) and the second was systematically varied from 1 to 5 items, corresponding to lags of 120, 240, 360, 480, and 600 ms. All stimuli were presented in black on a gray (40 cd/m2) background. An keyboard response Erroneous response Guess whenever they fai