(集合的概念和基本运算)复习.pptVIP

* 要点梳理 1.集合元素的三个特征:______、______、_______. 2.元素与集合的关系是_____或_______关系，用符号 ___或____表示. 3.集合的表示法:______、______、______及_______. §1.1 集合的概念及其基本运算 基础知识 互异性 确定性 无序性 属于 不属于 ∈ 列举法 描述法 图示法 区间法 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 4.常用数集:自然数集___;正整数集____(或___);整 数集___;有理数集___；实数集___. 5.集合的分类:按集合中元素个数划分，集合可分为 ______、______、_____. 6.子集、真子集及其性质:对任意的x∈A,都有x∈B, 则_______（或______）；若AB,且在B中至少有 一个元素x∈B但x A,则_______（或______）; 若A含有n个 元素，则A的子集有___个，非空子集有_____个， 非空真子集有______个. 7.集合相等： N N* N+ Z Q R 有限集 无限集 空集 2n 2n-1 2n-2 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 8.集合的交、并、补运算：并集A∪B={x|x∈A或x∈ B}；交集A∩B={x|x∈A且x∈B}；补集 UA={x|x∈ U且x A}，U为全集， UA表示A相对于全集U的 补集. 9.集合的运算性质:并集的性质A∪ =A,A∪A=A,A∪ B=B∪A,A∪B=A B A;交集的性质A∩ = , A∩A=A,A∩B=B∩A,A∩B=A A B;补集的性质 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1.已知集合A={1,3,5,7,9},B={0,3,6, 9,12}, 则A∩ NB=________. 解析 ∵A={1,3,5,7,9},B={0,3,6,9,12}, ∴ NB={1,2,4,5,7,8,…}. ∴A∩ NB={1,5,7}. 练习题 {1,5,7} Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2.已知全集U=R， 集合M={x|-2≤x-1≤2}和集合 N={x|x=2k-1,k=1,2,…}的关系的 韦恩图如图所示,则阴影部分所表示的集合的元素 的个数为____. 解析 由题意知M={x|-1≤x≤3},则M∩N={1,3}, 有两个元素,故答案为2. 2 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyrig