疏散模拟软件STEPS与Pathfinder对比研究解读.docxVIP

疏散模拟软件STEPS与Pathfinder对比研究 杜长宝 ,2,3，朱国庆1,2,3，李俊毅1,2,3 （1. 中国矿业大学 安全工程学院，江苏 徐州 221116； 2. 中国矿业大学 煤矿瓦斯与火灾防治教育部重点实验室，江苏 徐州 221116； 3. 中国矿业大学 消防工程研究所，江苏 徐州 221116） 摘要：为了解两款疏散模拟软件STEPS与Pathfinder的功能差异及适用范围，本文采用理论研究与实际模拟相结合的方法进行对比分析。研究发现：STEPS软件采用元胞自动机（CA）模型，疏散规则简单，人员智能化程度低，疏散时人员行为特征与现实情况不完全相符，但路径决策系统很好地解决了上述问题，可以很真实地模拟常态下人员疏散；Pathfinder软件采用Agent-base模型，人员智能化程度高，个体可以回应环境刺激，人员可以轻松规避障碍物，人群中的个体行为特征丰富且与现实情况十分相符，但在出口选择上存在缺陷，只能选择前方的出口而忽略后方的出口，不能模拟常态下人员疏散。分析得出Pathfinder模拟结果与真实情况相符程度更高，STEPS更适合模拟常态下人员疏散。 关键词：疏散；STEPS；元胞自动机；Pathfinder；Agent-base Comparative Study on Evacuation Simulation Software STEPS and Pathfinder DU Chang-bao1,2,3, ZHU Guo-qing1,2,3,LI Jun-yi1,2,3 (1 School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China 2 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China 3 Fire Research Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China） Abstract: To know the different of two evacuation simulation software STEPS and Pathfinder in function and scope, this paper uses the analysis method of combining the theoretical research and practical simulation. Found that STEPS theory model is cellular automata (CA), its evacuation rules is simple and intelligence degree is low, the evacuation behavior is not completely consistent with reality, but path decision system solved the problems. In addition, STEPS can simulate the normal population. Pathfinder has a high intelligence degree, its individual can respond to environmental stimuli and also can easily avoid obstacles. Besides, the individual also has a rich attribute that strictly conform to the reality. But it has some flaws in door choice system, individuals can only choose the front direction ignoring the back, and cant simulate the normal evacuation. Finally, concluded that the intelligence degree of Pathfinder is high and its simulation results match the real better, STEPS is more suitable for s