特殊句式.pptVIP

语法专项突破 一、强调句 1．It＋be＋被强调部分＋that从句 (1)我们可以用这个句型强调句中的主语、宾语或状语。下列例句表明如何强调句子中的不同部分： I saw Mr.White in the park last Sunday. 上周日我在公园看见怀特先生了。 It was I who saw Mr. White in the park last Sunday.(强调主语) 上周日是我在公园看见怀特先生的。 It wasMr.White whom/that I saw in the park last Sunday.(强调宾语) 上周日我在公园看见的是怀特先生。 It was in the park that I saw Mr.White last Sunday.(强调地点状语) 上周日我是在公园看到怀特先生的。 It was last Sunday that I saw Mr.White in the park.(强调时间状语) 我是上周日在公园看到怀特先生的。 如果被强调的部分是人，我们使用who或that引导从句。 (2)被强调的代词应与原句一致，若强调主语，则用主格，强调宾语用宾格。 It was I who went to Canada last summer. 就是我去年夏天去了加拿大。 It is him that I want to visit. 我想去拜访的是他。 (3)这种强调结构也可用于疑问句。 Was it at the end of 2001 that China joined the WTO? 中国是在2001年底加入世贸组织的吗？ Who was it that told you such a thing? 究竟是谁告诉你这么件事的？ Why was it that you didnt come to the meeting yesterday? 究竟是为什么你昨天没有来开会？ (4)我们还可使用“It was not until...that...”这个句型强调时间状语。 It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I recognized him. 直到他摘掉墨镜我才认出他来。 2．如果要强调时态为一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中的谓语动词，我们在该动词前加助动词do，does或did。 Many of the films are from the USA，but we do give awards to films from other countries. 许多是美国电影，但我们的确也给其他国家的影片颁奖。 Tom does get up at 6：00 every day. 汤姆的确每天六点起床。 He did come to see you last Sunday，but you were out. 他上周日的确来看过你，但是你出去了。 二、倒装句 英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。把谓语动词放在主语之前，就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前，叫全部倒装；如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，就叫部分倒装。 1．完全倒装 (1)There be＋主语＋...，此结构中的be有时用stand/exist/lie/live/flow/seem等不及物动词代替 There seems to be something wrong with the machine. 好像机器出了点问题。 (2)Here/There/Now/Then/Thus＋不及物动词＋名词 There goes the bell.Lets go into the lecture hall. 铃响了，我们进入演讲大厅吧。 Be quick！Here comes the bus. 快点，公共汽车来了。 (3)Out/In/Up/Down/Away/Off/Back/Over＋不及物动词＋名词 Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出来。 Away flew the birds.鸟儿飞走了。 (4)介词短语(表地点)＋不及物动词＋主语 On the wall hang two large portraits. 墙上挂着两张巨幅画像。 (5)表语＋连系动词＋主语(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词) Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests. 出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授，还有许多其他客人。 (6)Such＋be＋主语 Such are the facts；no one can deny th