焦炉压力控制的研究详解.doc

焦炉压力控制的研究 摘要 在炼焦生产过程中，焦炉集气管压力是炼焦生产中的重要参数，它的稳定性直接影响着焦炉的使用寿命和焦碳的生产。因此，如何控制集气管压力在给定值范围内是焦化生产中的重要问题，也是解决焦炉对环境产生污染的有效方法之一。 随着科学的发展和进步，焦化行业向大规模发展，更多地采用多座焦炉并联的系统。由于管线相通，存在很强的耦合干扰，给集气管压力控制带来很多难题。 本文在分析了双焦炉共用一套鼓风冷却系统的生产工艺特点后，提出了基于模糊传感器技术和双闭环2层反馈控制方案。内环采用PID算法，PID控制器根据实测压力值和给定值的偏差，控制各自的执行机构，完成第一层反馈控制。外环采用模糊控制技术，集气管压力状态模糊传感器在测量背景知识下，给出当前两个集气管压力状态的语言描述。模糊控制器根据该语言值动态修改总管给定值，通过总管吸力的调节，完成第2层反馈控制，实现集气管和总管的双闭环控制。 本文在焦炉集气管压力控制上的主要研究成果如下: ①基于内环和外环反馈设计了集气管压力控制系统，内环采用优化PID控制，外环采用模糊控制技术； ②采用模糊传感器技术，实现总管给定值的动态修改，解决了焦炉产气不足时和过足时的控制难题； ③根据蝶阀开度动态变化的特点，采用调节总管吸力为监督级控制，降低了2个集气管的耦合干扰。 关键词：集气管压力 模糊控制传感器 多变量解耦 PLC Study of Gas Collector Control System ABSTARCT In coking process ,the stable pressure of gas collector is an important industrial parameter. Its stability directly influences the life of coke ovens and coke production.Therefore,how to contol the pressure of gas collector within a scope is very important in the coking process ,and is also valid to solve the environment problem 。 Along with the science and techonlogy development,many coke ovens in parallel system are adoped gradually because of coke industry developing on a large scale,and the contol of gas pressure have a lot of difficulties as the gas pipes are conneceted together. This text analyse the technology feature of a air-blast system which links to two coke ovens ,and put forward a control scheme based on the technology of fuzzy sensor and the two-storey feedback with two closed loop.The inside circle use the PID algorithm ,the PID controllers accomplish the first feedback ，controlling the action mechanism according to the deviate between the true pressure and the given pressure. The outside use the fuzzy-control technology. The state fuzzy sensor of gas collector give a description of the state of the gas collector,according to the knowledge of measure background.Fuzzy controllers modify the given value of the head pipe according to the language value,and the suction of the head pipe is modified ,which accompli