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化工原理课程设计题 目列管式换热器学院名称化学化工学院指导教师杜可杰职称班 级制药132班学 号20134570205学生姓名曹娜2016年 1 月 17日目录一、方案简介·································································3方案设计··································································4确定设计方案·····························································4（1）选择换热器的类型（2）流动空间及流速的确定 确定物性数据·····························································4试选和初选换热管的规格···················································4计算热负荷和冷却水流量计算平均传热温差初选换热管规格核算压力降·····························································5管程压力降壳程压力降5、核算总传热系数·························································5（1）管程对流传热系数（2）壳程对流传热系数（3）污垢热阻（4）总传热系数设计结果一览表··························································10对设计的评述····························································1参考文献································································12主要符号说明····························································12七、附图·········································································一、方案简介本设计任务是利用冷流体（水）给煤油降温。利用热传递过程中对流传热原则，制成换热器，以供生产需要。下图（图1）是工业生产中用到的列管式换热器.选择换热器时,要遵循经济,传热效果优,方便清洗,复合实际需要等原则。换热器分为几大类：夹套式换热器，沉浸式蛇管换热器，喷淋式换热器，套管式换热器，螺旋板式换热器，板翅式换热器，热管式换热器，列管式换热器等。不同的换热器适用于不同的场合。而列管式换热器在生产中被广泛利用。它的结构简单、坚固、制造较容易、处理能力大、适应性大、操作弹性较大。尤其在高压、高温和大型装置中使用更为普遍。所以首选列管式换热器作为设计基础。二、方案设计某厂在生产过程中，需将煤油从125℃冷却到40℃。处理能力为18万吨/年。冷却介质采用自来水，入口温度25℃，出口温度40℃。要求换热器的管程和壳程的压降不大于0.1MPa。试设计能完成上述任务的列管式换热器。（每年按330天，每天24小时连续运行）1．确定设计方案（1）选择换热器的类型两流体温的变化情况：热流体进口温度125℃ 出口温度40℃；冷流体进口温度25℃，出口温度为40℃，该换热器用循环冷却水冷却，冬季操作时，其进口温度会降低，考虑到这一因素，估计该换热器的管壁温度和壳体温度之差较大，因此初步确定选用浮头式换热器。（2）流动空间及流速的确定由于煤油的粘度比水的大，因此冷却水走管程，煤油走壳程。（另外，这样的选择可以使煤油通过壳体壁面向空气中散热，提高冷却效果。同时，在此选择逆流。）选用ф25×2.5的碳钢管，管内流速取u1=1.3m/s，内径为0.02m2、确定物性数据定性温度：可取流体进口温度的平均值。 壳程煤油的定性温度为：t==82.5管程流体的定性温度为：t==32.5根据定性温度，分别查取壳程和管程流体的有关物性数据。 已知煤油在定性温度下的有关物性数据如下： 密度　　 ρ=825 kg/m3定压比热容　cp=2.22kJ/(kg·℃)导热系数　　 λ=0.14 W/(m·℃)粘度　　 μ=7.05×10Pa·s冷却水在32.5℃下的物性数据： 密度　　 ρi=994.8kg/m3定压比热容　 cpi=4.1797kJ/(kg·℃)导热系数　　 λi=0.6194 W/(m·℃)粘度　　　　 μi=0.0007679Pa·s3．试选和初选换热