3定语从句[整理].doc

高中英语语法定语从句 Handsome boys=the boys who are handsome Beautiful flowers=the flowers which are beautiful 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)定义： 从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，作定语，修饰主句的某个名词和代词，相当于形容词，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词可分为： 关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that） 关系副词(when, where, why) 关系词替代先行词，在从句中充当相应的某个成分。 在定语从句中，当who, which, that作主语时，谓语的单复数应与先行词保持一致。 关系词常有3个作用：①引导定语从句。②代替先行词。③在定语从句中担当一个成分。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不如限制性定语从句与先行词的关系紧密，没有它，主句的意思也清楚，因此用逗号隔开。关系词在非限制性定语从句中的用法与在限制性定语从句中的用法基本一样。 一．关系代词以及基本用法 注意一： 1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。 2）that前不能有介词。 3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的介词+关系词结构可以同关系副词when where和 why互换。 where = in/at + which when=in/on/at/during + which why = for which whose=of which/whom+the+物/人=the+物/人+of which/whom 1. This is the house in which I lived two years ago. =This is the house where I lived two years ago. 2. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？ =Do you remember the day when you joined our club？ 3. The tourists, of whom the eldest is 70 (the eldest of whom is 70), are from Singapore. I saw three films this month, two of which were very interesting. The reason (which/that) he’s absent from the meeting for is not clear. =The reason for which /why he’s absent from the meeting is not clear. 4） whom在定语从句中只指人，做宾语，可用who或that代替，也可以省略但后边的介词提前时， 只用whom例如： Do you know the man (whom/who/that) the teacher is talking to? = Do you know the man to whom the teacher is talking? She is the person (whom/who/that) you should turn to for help. = She is the person to whom you should turn for help 5) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语) whose+N (1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 6).先行词有下列词修饰时只能用as引导定语从句, 如：as...as；so...as；such...as；the same+ 名词 +as。 You can buy as many books as you want in this bookstore. (as作want的宾语) Such computers as are used in our office are made in South Korea.(as作定语从句的主语) This jewel is the same one as I showed you the other day. (as作showed的直接宾语) This jewel is the same one that I showed you the other day.(th