4, Cyclic Voltammctric Behavior of AB5 Metal IIydridc Alloys ABSTRACT.pdfVIP

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4, Cyclic Voltammctric Behavior of AB5 Metal IIydridc Alloys ABSTRACT.pdf

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4, Cyclic Voltammctric Behavior of AB5 Metal IIydridc Alloys ABSTRACT

,4, . Cyclic Voltammctric Behavior of AB5 Metal IIydridc Alloys B. K Ratndumar, S. Di Stefano, S. Sm ampudi and (i. ]lalpert Jet Propulsion l~boratory, California Institute of lkch))olo~ 4800, Oak Grove I)r., Pasadena, California 91109 ABSTRACT Metal hydride alloys in alkaline Ni-MH rechargeable cells are known to undergo oxidative degradation during charge discharge cycling and especially during overcharge due to a recombination of oxygen diffused from the positive electrode. Such oxidation processes may be accelerated at the positive potentials experienced by the MH electrode during deep- and/or over-discharge. A study of these oxidative processes has been conducted here on various MH alloys by cyclic vohammetry, in the absence of any absorbed hydrogen in the alloys. Also, a qualitative comparative estimaticm of the stability of these alloys towards oxidation has been made from potentiodynamic measurements. . . 1.0 IN’1’RODUCTION The ability of certain intermetallic alloys to reversibly absorb significant amounts of hydrogen at low pressures and high potentials is being exploited for several applications. In particular, the replacement of Cd in a Ni-Cd CCII with the metal hydride (M}+) anodes has resulted in substantial gains in the specific energy, encr~y density, cycle life and environmental compatibility. Also, the Ni-MH cells have the advantages of sustaining high discharge rates, fast charge rates and gas recombination processes during overcharge and overdischarge similar to Ni-Cd. With the voltage and the charge methods also being almost identical, the Ni-MH cells are expected to gain prominence over Ni-Cd in applications ranging from portable electronic appliances to electric vehicles. TWO classes of metal hydride al]oys based on rare earth rrictals (AB5~l’2) and early transition metals (AB2~) are being currently developed at various laboratories. The AB5 alloys are essentially based on LaNi5 with various substitucnts for La as well as Ni to st