Acid mine drainage pollution in the Tinto and Odiel rivers.pdfVIP

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Acid mine drainage pollution in the Tinto and Odiel rivers.pdf

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Acid mine drainage pollution in the Tinto and Odiel rivers

006) xxx–xxx + MODEL EI-01557; No of Pages 11 /locate/envint ARTICLE IN PRESSEnvironment International xx (2Acid mine drainage pollution in the Tinto and Odiel rivers (Iberian Pyrite Belt, SW Spain) and bioavailability of the transported metals to the Huelva Estuary José Miguel Nieto a,?, Aguasanta M. Sarmiento a, Manuel Olías b, Carlos R. Canovas a, Inmaculada Riba c,d, Judit Kalman c, T. Angel Delvalls d a Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Huelva, Avda. Fuerzas Armadas s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain b Departamento de Geodinámica-Paleontología, Universidad de Huelva, Avda. Fuerzas Armadas s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain c Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain d UNESCO/UNITIWN WiCop, Dpto. de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Polígono río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, SpainAbstract The Tinto and Odiel rivers are seriously affected by acid mine drainage (AMD) from the long-term mining activities in Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB). As a consequence, the Huelva estuary is heavily contaminated by metals and metalloids. This study presents an estimation of the seasonal variation, and the dissolved contaminant load transported by both rivers from February 2002 to September 2004. Besides, toxicity and bioaccumulation tests with the sediments of the estuary have been conducted in order to measure the mobility of the toxic metals. Results show that the Tinto and Odiel rivers transport enormous quantities of dissolved metals to the estuary: 7900 t yr?1 of Iron (Fe), 5800 t yr?1 Aluminium (Al), 3500 t yr?1 Zinc (Zn), 1700 t yr?1 Copper (Cu), 1600 t yr?1 Manganese (Mn) and minor quantities of other metals and metalloids. These values represent 37% of the global gross flux of dissolved Zn transported by rivers in to the ocean, and 15% of the global gross flux of dissolved Cu. These metals and metalloids usually sink in the estuarine sediments due to pH and salinity changes.