语法-虚拟语气.docVIP

语法——虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的使用。 虚拟条件句中主、从句谓语采用不同的形式。 情 况 条 件 从 句 主 句 与现在事实相反 过去式(be用 were) Would(should,could might)+动词原形 与过去事实相反 had+动词过去分词 Would(should,could,might)+have+动词过去分词 与将来事实相反 1.过去式 2.should+动词原形 3. were to+动词原形 Would(should,could,might)+动词原形 （1）如果我是你，我会更加努力学习英语。 _____________________________________________________________________. （2）如果昨晚你在这儿，就什么事都不会发生了。 ??? _____________________________________________________________________. （3）?如果我早到一点的话，我就会赶上那辆公共汽车了。 _____________________________________________________________________. （4）明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考试了。 _____________________________________________________________________. 虚拟条件句使用的注意点: 1. 混合虚拟条件句：主从句动作发生的时间不一致。谓语动词采用不同的形式。 If you had come last week, you could work out the problem now. If he had listened to me, he wouldn’t be in trouble now. 如果你昨天告诉我，我现在就知道怎么办了。 _________________________________________________________________. 2. 虚拟条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。 1) If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. 2) If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. Were it not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. 3. 隐含条件句.without 、but for 、but、or构成虚拟。(but for要不是) Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed. 4. If only …(要是…就好了) If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 ______________________________________________________________________. 要是我没错过火车就好了！ ______________________________________________________________________. 二、虚拟语气宾语从句中的使用： 1. wish + 宾语从句 现在： 过去时 (did/were) 过去： 过去完成时 (had done) 未来： would / could / might + V. I wish I were a bird. (现在) I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去) We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us. (未来) 现在： 过去时