英语语法大全之独立成分.pdfVIP

济南沃尔得国际英语 1 独立成分 一个词或一个词组，如果在句子中和其他词或词组没有语法上的联系，则称为独立成 分 （ Absolute ， or Independent Expression ） 。 独 立 成 分 可 以 是 感 叹 语 （Exclamations），呼语（Vocatives）或是插入语（Parenthetical Expressions）。 Ⅰ．感叹语 感叹语不仅可以是惊叹词，也可以是名词、形容词、动词、副词；不仅可以是单词， 还可以是短语、不定式或从句。它表示突然产生的感情，后面跟有一个惊叹号（！）： 惊叹词：Oh！ What is that？ O my dear John！ Aha！ That is it． Bah！ I am not a pig to be treated so． 名 词：A whale！Look there． My purse！It is lost． Idiot！ He must be crazy． Little silly！ Who told you to do it？ Fire！ Be quick！ Nonsense！You are dreaming． Silence！ Father is sleeping． Thief！ Thief！ The way he talks（名词可由定语从句修饰）！You would think him a professor． The things they have done！Nobody could believe． The fool I have been！ She must have laughed at me． 济南沃尔得国际英语 2 A pretty house（that） you have bought！ But its rather dear． A very useful subject（that） you are learning！ Dirty money they make！ They should be sent to prison． 形容词：Marvellous！ This is the first time Ive seen it． Shocking！ Who could have stood it？ What a job！ Ridiculous！Fantastic！ 动 词：Look！ Here is her letter． Come， come！（Dont expect me to believe it．） Help！Hes drowned．Help！ Hear！Hear！ 副 词：Away！Let me see you no more． Why？I cant understand you． How fast！ Indeed！ That is too much． Quickly！Its dangerous． 代 词：Ah me！ O dear me！ 短 语：Fie upon you（or your suggestion）！ A fig for Rex！ he spoils everything． Woe to him！ Down with tyranny（or colonialism）！ 济南沃尔得国际英语 3 O for a sight of her！ 不定式：To think you could be so ungrateful！ O to be at home！ Oh，to treat his parents so！ 从 句：That you should turn against me！ That bread should be so dear！ If the rain could（only）stop！ Ⅱ．呼语 1772 呼语是说话人对听话人（或拟人化的东西）的称呼： Waiter， four cups of tea， please．（在面前的人） May I help you， madam？（已婚或单身女人） Operator， what is the phone number of A－One Company？ Officer（＝policeman）， where is Union Square？ Parson（=clergyman）， is divorce sometimes necessary？ Counsellor（=lawyer）， what will be our first step？ My dear son， you have always been in my mind．（不在身边的人） Lincoln！ You should be living to this day． Roll on