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3.1Electrolytic Deposition and Diffusion of Lithium onto.pdf

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3.1Electrolytic Deposition and Diffusion of Lithium onto

Electrolytic Deposition and Diffusion of Lithium onto Magnesium-9 Wt Pct Yttrium Bulk Alloy in Low-Temperature Molten Salt of Lithium Chloride and Potassium Chloride HANWU DONG, YAOMING WU, LIDONG WANG, and LIMIN WANG The electrolytic deposition and diffusion of lithium onto bulk magnesium-9 wt pct yttrium alloy cathode in molten salt of 47 wt pct lithium chloride and 53 wt pct potassium chloride at 693 K were investigated. Results show that magnesium-yttrium-lithium ternary alloys are formed on the surface of the cathodes, and a penetration depth of 642 lm is acquired after 2 hours of electrolysis at the cathodic current density of 0.06 A?cm2. The diffusion of lithium results in a great amount of precipitates in the lithium containing layer. These precipitates are the com- pound of Mg41Y5, which arrange along the grain boundaries and hinder the diffusion of lithium, and solid solution of yttrium in magnesium. The grain boundaries and the twins of the mag- nesium-9 wt pct yttrium substrate also have negative effects on the diffusion of lithium. DOI: 10.1007/s11663-009-9266-7 The Minerals, Metals Materials Society and ASM International 2009 I. INTRODUCTION THE addition of lithium to magnesium was found to decrease the axial ratio (c/a) of the hexagonal-close- packed (hcp) lattice of magnesium and even to change the crystalline structure of magnesium.[1,2] When the lithium content exceeds 5 wt pct, the hexagonal magne- sium will be partly transformed into body-centered- cubic (bcc) structure, while the structure of magnesium alloys will fully be converted from the hcp lattice to the bcc when lithium content is over 11 wt pct.[3] Conse- quently, the plasticity of the magnesium-lithium alloys is improved. Magnesium-lithium alloys are also regarded as the lightest metallic structural material.[4] These alloys possess high specific strength, good ductility, and some other favorable characteristics such as good cryogenic properties,[2,5] which enable them to be success