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Hausdorff dimension of repellors in low sensitive systems
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0 Hausdorff dimension of repellors in low
sensitive systems
A. E. Mottera and P. S. Letelierb
Departamento de Matema?tica Aplicada - IMECC
Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Unicamp
13081-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
Abstract
Methods to estimate the Hausdorff dimension of invariant sets of
scattering systems are presented. Based on the levels’ hierarchical
structure of the time delay function, these techniques can be used
in systems whose future-invariant-set codimensions are approximately
equal to or greater than one. The discussion is illustrated by a nu-
merical example of a scatterer built with four hard spheres located at
the vertices of a regular tetrahedron.
PACS numbers: 05.45.Df
Keywords: chaotic scattering, fractal, Hausdorff dimension, repellor.
aE-mail: motter@ime.unicamp.br.
bE-mail: letelier@ime.unicamp.br.
1
Usually, in a scattering process almost all particles outcome asymptoti-
cally free after interacting with a potential. Some particles, however, remain
in the scattering region bouncing forever under the action of the potential.
The nature of these trapped orbits is in general very intricate, including
fractal dimensions and chaotic behaviour. The dimension seems to be the
most fundamental quantity characterising this set. When the dimension is
large enough, scattered particles may present sensitive dependence on ini-
tial conditions reminiscent of the chaotic dynamics of the trapped orbits.
This phenomenon allows the computation of the uncertainty dimension of
the bounded orbits, defined as follows. For a scattering system, colour by
black initial conditions of particles scattered, for instance, to the right-hand
side of the scattering centre and by white initial conditions corresponding
to particles scattered to the left-hand side. An initial condition of a given
colour at a distance less than ε of initial conditions of a different colour is
labelled ε-uncertain. The fi
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