第三讲 非谓语动(专项讲练修).docVIP

非谓语动词 一. 不定式 不定式各种形式 主 动 被 动 一般式 to write to be written 进行式 to be writing 完成式 to have written to have been written 2. 不定式的一般式与谓语的时间关系: ① 二者同时发生: 如 I saw him go out. Would you help me put things in order? ②发生在谓语动词之后,如: I hope to see you again. The boy said he wanted to be a steel worker. 3.不定式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前,如: ① To have known her is a privilege. ② This house seems to have been built by a good architect. He is too young to have seen the old society. 4.不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作，如： ① The weather seems to be improving. ② He seemed always to be washing his hands. 5． 不定式的被动式用法： ① It’s a great honour to be invited to the banquet. ② No harm seems to have been done. ③ I had to shout to be heared. 二.v-ing的各种形式 主 动 被 动 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 三. 动词过去分词只有一种形式, 即V-ed或不规则过去分词形式。 四. 非谓语动词一些特别注意点: 1. 现在分词形容词与过去分词形容词的用法区别: disappointing (令人失望的) moving (感人的) interesting (有趣的) disappointed(感到失望的) moved (感动的) interested (感兴趣的) touching (动人的,感人的) surprising (令人惊讶) shocking (令人气愤的) touched (受感动,激动) surprised (感到惊讶) shocked (感到震惊) puzzling (令人费解的) frightening (骇人的,引起恐惧的) puzzled (困惑的) frightened (受惊的,感到害怕的) exciting (令人激动/兴奋的) boring (令人厌烦的,没趋的) excited (激动/兴奋的) bored (对……感到厌倦/烦闷) 现在分词表示主语或被修饰的名词的性质,状态或品质。过去分词则表示主语的感受。如： ① The book was rather boring. ② The children quickly got bored with staying at home. 2.“连词+分词”结构： 在连词while/when/as/though/although/unless/if/once等引起的状语从句中，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致，而且谓语部分有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词省去，而只留下“连词+分词”部分。例： ① The captain advised the soldier not to say anything unless （he was）asked. ② You should do as (you were ) told to. 3. 现在分词与过去分词做状语的区别： 用什么样的分词，要取决于分词所表达的动作与句子主语的关系，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词。如 ① Hearing the news, they all ju