组织理论经典.docVIP

一、名词解释 1、组织（organization）：Organization is a social unit with some particular purposes. 2、POSDCORB：It stands for the following activities： Planning，which means outlining the things that need to be done and the methods for doing them. Organizing，that is the establishment of the formal structure of authority. Staffing，that is the whole personnel function of bringing in and training the staff and maintaining favorable conditions of work. Directing，that is continuous task of making decisions and embodying them in orders and instructions and serving as the leader of the enterprise. Coordinating，that is the all important duty of interrelating the various parts of the work. Reporting，that is keeping those to whom the executive is responsible informed as to what is going on. Budgeting，with all that goes with budgeting in the form of fiscal planning，accounting，and control. 3、纯满足(net satisfactions)： The net satisfactions are something which induce a man to contribute his efforts to an organization result from the positive advantages as against the disadvantages which are entailed. 4、自我实现的需要(The need for self-actualization) It refers to the desire for self-fulfillment，namely，to the tendency for him to become actualized in what he is potentially. 5、社会组织(social organization) Social organization refers to the ways in which human conduct becomes socially organized， that is ，to the observed regularities in the behavior of people that are due to the social conditions in which they find themselves rather than to their physiological or psychological characteristics as individuals. 6、奖赏权(reward power) Reward power is defined as power whose basis is the ability to reward. The strength of the reward power of O/P increases with the magnitude of the rewards which P perceives that O can mediate for him. 7、组织文化(organizational culture) It can be defined as a pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration, tha