Effects of iron surface pretreatment on kinetics of.pdf

Journal of Hazardous Materials B126 (2005) 189–194 Effects of iron surface pretreatment on kinetics of aqueous nitrate reduction Ya Hsuan Liou a,? , Shang-Lien Lo a , Chin-Jung Lin a , Wen Hui Kuan b , Shih Chi Weng a a Research Center for Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control Technology, Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC b Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ming-Chi Institute of Technology, Taishan, Taipei hsien 243, Taiwan, ROC Received 8 April 2005; accepted 27 June 2005 Available online 10 August 2005 Abstract Using hydrogen gas at 400 ? C to activate iron surface was proposed to remove nitrate (40 mg N L ?1 ) in a HEPES buffer solution at pH value between 6.5 and 7.5. Compared with the nonpretreated iron, the first-order reaction rate constant (kobs) was increased 4.7 times by p w f r c ( i a ? K 1 t [ t a d t c F p i 0 dretreated iron, and the lag of the early period disappeared. Normalized to iron surface area concentration, the specific rate constant (kSA) as increased approximately by a factor of 6 using hydrogen reduction (0.0020 min ?1 m ?2 L for nonpretreated iron and 0.0128 min ?1 m ?2 L or pretreated iron). The reactivity of aged iron covered by a complex mixture of iron oxides (soaking in nitrate solution for 60 days) were estored by hydrogen gas at 400 ? C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) exhibited visibly leaner without pitting and cracking and less oxygen fraction on pretreated iron surface relative to nonpretreated iron. Activation energies Ea) of nitrate reduction over the temperature range of 10–45 ?C were 46.0 kJ mol?1 for nonpretreated iron, and 32.0 kJ mol?1 for pretreated ron, indicating chemical reaction control, rather than diffusion. The results indicated that this enhancement was attributed to the increase in ctive site concentration on iron surface by hydrogen reduction. 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights