A study of the efficiency of the class of $W$-states as a quantum channel.pdf

a r X i v : 0 8 0 3 .0 6 0 7 v 1 [ q u a n t - p h ] 5 M a r 2 0 0 8 A study of the efficiency of the class of W -states as a quantum channel Satyabrata Adhikari?, Sunandan Gangopadhyay S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India March 6, 2008 Abstract Recently, a new class of W -states has been defined by Agarwal and Pati [23] and it has been shown that they can be used as a quantum channel for teleportation and superdense coding. In this work, we identify those three-qubit states from the set of the new class of W -states which are most efficient or suitable for quantum tele- portation. We show that with some probability |W1〉 = 12 (|100〉+ |010〉+ √ 2|001〉) is best suited for teleportation channel in the sense that it does not depend on the input state. PACS Numbers: 03.67.-a, 03.65.Bz,42.50.Dv Quantum teleportation [1] involves the transmission of an arbitrary qubit from one party to another distant party by sending two classical bits. However they must ini- tially share one entangled state. It can also be combined with other operations to construct advanced quantum circuits useful for information processing [2]. The first experimental demonstration of quantum teleportation was reported by Bouwmeester et.al. [3]. Quantum teleportation is also possible in systems corresponding to infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. The teleportation of quantum entanglement is also known as entanglement swapping [29, 30, 2, 4]. It enables two parties (having no common past) to share quantum en- tanglement. This protocol may be useful in making nonlocal correlations over long distances. Therefore it can play a significant role in quantum communication. Quantum entanglement [12], the heart of quantum information theory, plays a crucial role in computational and communicational purposes. Therefore as a valuable resource in quantum information processing, quantum entanglement has been widely used in quantum cryptography