Classification and Comparison of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Polymers.pdf

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2017-04-11 发布于江苏
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Classification and Comparison of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Polymers.pdf

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Classification and Comparison of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Polymers

CRIF- WTCM Matter Selection way for industrial applications Ir Anne-Marie Clarinval Classification and Comparison of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Commercialised Biodegradable Polymers. CRIF- WTCM 2 Biodegradable Production Capacity Matter T/Y LDPE/HDPE (Films) 4 600 000 PP (Films) 840 000 HDPE (Bottles containers) 1 200 000 PVC (Bottles) 480 000 PS (Sheets for thermoforming) 720 000 PET (Bottles) 600 000 OthersAutres 3 600 000 Company Products Production Capacity (t/y) Scaling up Forecast (t/y) Dow Cargill Ecopla 8000 140 000 PVAXX PVAXX 15000 100 000 Rodenburg Solanyl 7000 15 000 Novamont Master-Bi 8 000 Bayer BAK 4 000 BASF Ecoflex 8 000 Eastman EASTAR BIO 15 000 Regarding Plastics produced for packaging : CRIF- WTCM 3 Market Distribution In 1999 : Starch Based Plastics : 75 - 80 % PLA 10 - 15 % Synthetic 10 % World Distribution in 1998 Capacity Production Consumption USA 11 kT 10 kT 8 kT W Europe 29 kT 8 kT 7 kT Japan 6 kT 1.5 kT 2 kT Source : SRI Novamont CRIF- WTCM 4 Materials ?Starch ?Cereal or Potato Floor ?Starch + Petrochemical additives ?Polymers produced by fermentation of sugar and post-chemical reaction : PLA ?Polymers Produced in micro-organism ?PHB (Polyhydroxybutarates) ?PHB-PHV (Polyhydroxybutyrate and polyhydroxyvalerates) ?PHA (polyhydroxyalcanoate) ?Blends ?First generation ? 10-80% of non biodegradable polyolefins False Image of biodégradable plastics ?Sensitive to humidity, Low impact resistance By-product of wheat, rye or corn flour Cheaper but sensitive to humidity Small injected parts, dishes, packaging chips Various properties depends on additives. Not of en well-known Injection, Films extrusion Ex. of Additives : ε-caprolactone Polymers produced inside a bacteria High TG , Tm Bio-compatible Medical applic tions Transparent, hum dity and food oil resistant, Bio-compatible, odour barrier CRIF- WTCM 5 Gluten : Flexible, transparent but slightly yellow or brown, O2 and CO2 barrier, sensitive to humidity Aspartic