Problems with Time-Varying Extra Dimensions or Cardassian Expansion as Alternatives to Dark.pdfVIP

a r X i v : h e p - p h / 0 2 1 1 2 8 4 v 3 2 9 M a y 2 0 0 3 Problems with Time-Varying Extra Dimensions or “Cardassian Expansion” as Alternatives to Dark Energy James M. Cline?,? and Je?re?mie Vinet? ? Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland ? Physics Department, McGill University, Montre?al, Que?bec, Canada H3A 2T8 (Dated: 20 November 2002) It has recently been proposed that the Universe might be accelerating as a consequence of extra dimensions with time varying size. We show that although these scenarios can lead to acceleration, they run into serious difficulty when t