非谓语分词2016最新版概览.ppt

非谓语动词之分词 ;分词分词包括两种： 现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示主动，进行的含义； 过去分词表示被动，完成的含义。;分词的句法功能做定语 单个分词一般放在被修饰的名词前。分词短语一般放在被修饰词之后， 相当于一个从句。 The young man sitting between John and Mary is the monitor of our class. (the young man who is sitting between John and Mary) 坐在约翰和 玛丽之间的年轻人是我们的班长。 He ate up the cake made by his mother. (the cake which had been made by his mother)他吃光了他妈妈做得蛋糕。;注意： 如果定语从句和主句时态不一致， 不可以用分词代替从句 The young man who sat between John and Mary yesterday is our monitor.不可以变成 The young man sitting between John and Mary yesterday is our monitor. 谓语动词是be 或含有情态动词的定语从句也不能用分词代替 Those who are late are not allowed to come into the classroom.不可以变成Those being late are not allowed to come into the classroom. Will you find a workman who can repair the TV? 不可以变成Will you find a workman repairing the TV?;做宾语补语 Catch, discover, feel, fin, get, have, hear , keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch 等动词后面常用分词作补语。 I heard somebody walking next door. I’ll have my watch repaired this afternoon. They have never heard English spoken before.;做状语 用作状语的分词在句中位置比较灵活。 一般用于书面语言，口语中多用从句。表示时间， 原因，让步，条件，结果， 伴随情况或方式 Turning around, I saw Tom in tears. (= When she turned around, she saw Tom in tears.)时间 Seen from the space, the earth is a blue planet. (=When it is seen from the space, the earth is a blue planet.)时间 Being ill, he couldn’t go to class. (=As he was ill, he couldn’t go to class.)原因 Absorbed in our conversation, we forgot our one-o’clock class.(=As we were absorbed in our conversation, we forgot our one-o’clock class) 原因 He sat in an armchair, watching TV.(=He sat in an armchair and watched TV)伴随;注意： 用作状语的分词短语的逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。 Waiting for a bus, a stone hit me. (主句主语stone并不是分词waiting的发出者，可改为定语从句， 写出waiting 的主语： While I was waiting for the bus, a stone hit me.) Made of plastic, I didn’t expect the chairs could be that strong. (主句主语I不是分词made的发出者，可改为定语从句， 写出made 的主语： As the chairs were made of plastic, I didn’t expect they would be that strong.).;分词的不同形式;完成式的用法;被动形式的用法;非谓语动词之比较;;;不定式和动名词作主语的区别