《英语(1)、(2)》语法要点.docVIP

《英语（一）、（二）》语法要点 1．16种动词时态形式（以work为例）： 补充： 1）（现在）将来时间表达法： a) will/shall +动词原形 b) am/is/are going to+动词原形 c) am/is/are about to+动词原形 d) am/is/are to+动词原形 e) 一般现在时 f) 现在进行时 现在完成时的两种用法： a)已完成用法：短暂动词：不可与“for（+ 一段时间）”或“since（+ 时间点）” 连用：可用结构：It is /has been+一段时间+ since+主语+did 短暂动词如: enter, join, open, close, come back, go, die, finish, stop, begin, end, ect. b) 未完成用法：延续性动词；可与“for（+一段时间）”或“since（+时间点）” 连用 延续性动词如：live, study, work, etc. 2．被动语态基本结构：be+过去分词，时态由be体现，例如： 1) The classroom is cleaned every day. 2) The classroom was cleaned yesterday. 3) The classroom was been cleaned now. 4) The classroom will be cleaned tomorrow. 5) The classroom is being cleaned now. 6) The classroom must be cleaned now. 3．12类型的虚拟语气： 1）非真实条件句： A．If+主语+had done…,主语+would（或could, might）have done…（过去） B．If+主语+did(were)…,主语+would（或could, might）do…（现在） were to do C．If+主语+ did (were)…，主语+would（或could, might）do…（未来） should do 例如： If you had been here yesterday, you would have seen him. If I were you, I wouldn’t do that. If I there were no water on the earth, there would be no life were to rain If it rained tomorrow, we would call off our plan. Should rain 注意： 主语+虚拟语气 （1）If主语+should do… 主语+陈述语气 祈使句 If it should rain tomorrow, we would call off our plan. If it should rain tomorrow, we will call off our plan. If someone should come to see me, tell him to wait a moment. （2）含蓄条件句/隐含条件句：without, but for ,but that, but, otherwise Withour your help, I would not have succeeded. →If you hadn’t helped me, I would not have succeeded. But for your help, I would not have succeeded. →But that you helped me, I would not have succeeded. I would have come to see you, but I was too busy yesterday. →I would have come to see you if I hadn’t been busy yesterday. I was too busy yesterday; otherwise, I would have come to see you. →If I hadn’t been busy yesterday, I would have come to see you. （3）错综型/混合型： If you had ta