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主谓一致 主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则的支配：语法一致原则 (grammatical concord) 意义一致原则 (notional concord) 就近原则 (principle of proximity)。“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定代词作主语、并列结构作主语、特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。 编辑本段典型例题 1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 Reading and writing are very important. 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词，共用一个冠词用单数，表示 The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑.这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.,C..本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the,在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词.后面的职务用and 相连.这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B. 2 主谓一致中的就近原则 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致. There is a pen,a knife and several books on the desk.. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 总的来说，在由not only…but also…，not just…but…，or,either…or…，neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中，谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理，即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如： Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week.　 Either you or she is to go. There is a pen,a few envelops and some paper for you. 3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语后面跟有with,together with,like,except,but,no less than,as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致. The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating. 4 谓语需用单数 1) 代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数. Each of us has a tape-recorder. There is something wrong with my watch. 2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数. The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 一千零一夜是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书. 3) 表示金钱，时间.距离.价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数.(用复数也可，意思不变.) Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough. 5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数 1) 在代词what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定. All is right. (一切顺利.) All are present. (所有人都到齐了.) 2) 集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family,team，group，club,public,audience,crew,crowd,class,co