初英语(上)语法归纳.docVIP

初一英语（上）语法归纳 一、名词：可数名词/不可数名词 1．可数名词单数变复数规则： ①一般的＋s eg: books desks bags; ②以s、x、ch、sh结尾的＋es, eg buses boxes watches; ③以辅着加y结尾的变y为i＋es, eg dictionary strawberry comedy documentary; ④以o结尾的名词除tomatoes外其余加s. 2．不可数名词： broccoli, ice cream, chicken, salad, water, milk, rice, Yuan, money, furniture, milk, bread 3．名词的所有格‘表…的’ ①一般名词直接加’s, eg: Tom’s clothes; ②以s结尾的复数名词直接’eg: the boys’soccer; ③两个共有的某一物只在后一名词后加’s eg: Lucy and Lily’s room; ④两个分别所有的则要在名词后分别加’s eg: Tom’s and Jerry’s books; 4．可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语 ①some(一些) a lot of=lots of(许多)后即可加可数也可加不可数名词； ②many许多＋可数名词的复数形式； ③much许多＋不可数名词； 5．句子单数变复数： I→We he/she/it→they this→these that→those is/am→are a→some n单→n复 V三单→V原 Practice:1 （1）一些手表 （2）许多草莓 （3）许多花椰菜 （4）一些记录片 （5）Lily的妈妈 （6）这些男孩子们的书包 （7）Lucy和她姐姐的房间 （8）Mike的和Bob的笔 （9）我们的笔 （10）他们的名字 （11）你的全家照 （12）我的年龄 （13）她最喜欢的书 （14）两个西红柿 （15）三张照片 2．将下列句子进行单复句转换： ①This is an eraser.____________________________________________________________ ②He is a boy.________________________________________________________________ ③The girl likes comedies.______________________________________________________ ④That’s Tom’s T-shirt._________________________________________________________ ⑤These are some tomatoes._____________________________________________________ ⑥Do they have eggs for breakfast?_______________________________________________ ⑦We are Chinese._____________________________________________________________ ⑧She likes action movies._______________________________________________________ 二、冠词的用法（a/an/the） 1．在元音发音的可数名词前用an, 其余用a eg: an A / E / I / O / R / H / F / L / M / N / S / X / oange / apple / eraser / egg/ uncle / aunt / orange / sweater / English book / art class / actor actress / action movie / opera / ID card 2．在音乐器具前必须加 “the”eg: play the guitar / the piano / the drums 3．在球类、棋类和一日三餐前则不加冠词eg: play chess/ basketball / eat breakfast / lunch / dinner 三、一般现在时 1．谓语为be. (1) be(is am are)的用法 I→am you / they / these / those / 复数名词→are he / she it→is(this / that /单) Practice:用be的适当形式填空 (1) I__