初三首字母填空解题技巧和专项训练.docxVIP

中考英语首字母填空解题技巧及练习 Step1：掌握七种句子成分与十种词性之间的对应关系。通过对单一成分的分类练习， 掌握该句子成分与何种词性相对应。词性正确是答案正确的前提。 (1) 对主语的判断 1. _______ are helpful to students. ( teach ) 2. _______ is more important to me than money. ( healthy ) 3. Some famous _______ are going to give lectures in our university in August. ( science) 4. _______ stamps is my hobby. ( collect ) Key: 1. Teachers 2. Health 3. scientists 4. Fishing 5. Collecting 分析：以上练习中，所填的词均为句子的主语。主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词（1-３）；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或动名词（４-５）。此外，形容词前加the以及带连词的句子也可作主语。 例如： The rich are not always happy. 句中the rich 指“有钱人”，因此可以作主语。 What I wanted was just your help. 句中What I wanted是一个带有连词what的句子，因此也可以作主语。 (2) 对谓语的判断 John was standing on the step of a house. An old woman c________ over to him. “My boy,” she a_____ , “Is your father at home?” “Yes,” a_______ John. The woman b________ ringing the bell. She rang and rang, but there was no answer. At last she t_____ back to John and s______ angrily, “Didn’t you s______ that your father was at home?” “I did”, answered John, “but this i_______ my house.” Key: came asked answered began turned said say isn’t 分析：语篇中的所缺词均为谓语动词。谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，而且在句子中不能缺。当一个主谓结构中同时出现两个或两个以上动词时，还要判断他们之间的相互关系，对谓语动词或非谓语动词的判断只有在熟练掌握相关知识的基础上，才能作出正确的判断。平时练习和周练中，我经常让学生做些“用动词的适当形式填空”练习，有助于对动词形式的判断。 (3) 对宾语的判断 1.??Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast ________ in Shanghai after his long absence from the city. ( develop ) 2.??The front is in great need of medical _____.( work ) 3.??Thank you for your _______. ( kind ) 4.???At last he sold his ______. ( invent ) Key: 1. development 2. workers 3. kindness 4. invention（s） 分析：宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语与介词宾语两种。宾语的词性同和主语的词性一样，但是如果代词作宾语时就必须用其宾格。 (4) 对表语的判断 1. It is ______ for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon. ( possible) 2. The sick man is getting ______. ( ill ) 3.??Patrick is going to be a(n) ______ when he grows up.(engine) 4.??Such cold weather is quite _____ in June and people have to wear warm clothes again. （ usually ） 5.??It’s a ______ to ha